һ ̽ңһ ڶȫԼһ 

    Ʒ³ɹǿԲƷǲɷֵġΩԼ߱Ʒ£ĳɹõĿ֡    
    ûû׿Խ    
    ǵ(David Starr Jordan)ѧҼ    
         
    25̽硢ѧ뵣μͥʵĹУӴɫɫҵгɡȴеѷˣǼгԲвϿչ˼ʹϵٵ⣬Ҳעģ    
    ΪԼĿ꣬Ҳһһɡҵҵʮֳɹȴ˸ͥ޶ͬİ·֪ϲʶԼ˽ʲôԼҪġҲòʡֵ?    
    ҽѿʼ5οʳ֪ԼأҲȷı䡣ĶеϣȷĿ꣬û̬ȼԼ˵ǿġҲûܺʧˡƺʵԼŵԡ    
    Ϲ̵ЧĿγ̣ҶԱܸߣҲ뾡취ƴǣϣάֱ˴õĹϵܾԱģһڼңһгΪʲôܰѵɶĵԱ?ΪʲôʼҲԱ?    
    ʮĶӲô˵ǲҵĻҸô?    
    Ҫ̫ˣܸеʱ䲻áÿ춼񾭽šҴææһ7죬ˡҲμʱֻᣬҲԹ6ֹ滮ʱİ취Ȼ˵ûаԾ޷еļȳʵڵ    
    ҵĺӶùļֵÿҪ£ʱʱ̿Ա߼ලǲʱԹԣԼü򵥡ΪʲôǾͲֵܿԼ¶òű?    
    ҺæȷæʱҲӳԶĹǷ塣ҵȷϣҵУģϣҵĴڣĳֲͬ    
    񿴵ɹĳֿ϶һѳһЦȳعǡǣĵȴѹòˡΪʲôָо?    
    ҵĸԺǿ֪κνУҶܿƽ£ӰͨҪľ顣ϸÿҾĽͨԴҶõġҸе֪˶ҵĽ鵽ȡ̬ȡ    
    ҵĻѱƽȤǲûжֻ֣ǲаĸо̹ʣҲԹ취Ƿ·޷ȼյİ𻨡    
    Щ㡢ʹ⣬һܽ˵ġ    
    ǰҺɣΪƵԽǵһӵʱѧУĳɼҲ̶ãϵĴ˵ø߷ˡڽϣǲģʹЩʮ׽˶еܾȡ˶ϣСֲʱûͶѻӰÿÿͬѧĳЦ    
    ɣ뾡취ΪҪʮȫʮˣȻҲĸĸǸıԼ̬ΪҲıӵģͼû̬ġͣӣ԰õ!֪ԡѰոһ㣬۾򣬵쵽ǰٻӰֻҪнһæͣسޣǿġ    
    ˳ЦһԷҪЦԼѧϰʱǵĶӻ˵ԼԶҲѧãͲϲ    
    еŬƺͽ޹ʱļ٣óһŬǸһʼǾ϶һʧ֮ڷˡֻŴһǶ¡    
    ʱҵҪǣΪȫصĿͻ쵼ѵγ̡ԵÿҪΪû˾(IBM)ܣйع֪ͨĿγ̡    
    ׼̲ĵĹУй˼άγɡ˼άӰ۵㡢۵ΪЩȤһоصۡʶÿ˵˼άǶôٹ̡˽⵽֪ʶ磬⿴ʱ͸ġƬйأΪ⾵Ƭ(˼ά)Ƕڹ͡    
    Ҹɣ̸Щ˼ϵǶԶԲԡʡǳȷöӡˡԲ̬ΪֵöôԸЧޡΪվβסϢǾǣ㲻УҪĸı    
    ʱǲžҪı״͵øıԼҪıԼȵøıǿĹ۵㡣    
    


һ ̽ңһ ڶȫԼ 

    Ʒ?    
    ڵʱǱо1776۳ɹصסĶ٣鼰ơѧԼҰȵȡڰϵֳɹָۣ֮ơ    
         
    200ƷУע⵽һ˲ơǾǹȥ50۳ɹܷǳ̸ĶļγɹĽݾͷʹҽͷʹҽŵЧҩαα    
    Ƚ϶ԣǰ150ƷкܴͬЩǿƷ¡(character ethic)Ϊɹֱ֮ǫ顢š㡢ʵġһЩƵǽɵƷ¡(Benjamin Franklin)ԴʱڵĴҪһŬƷ    
    Ʒ³ɹǿԲƷǲɷֵġΩԼ߱Ʒ£ĳɹõĿ֡    
    Ȼһս󲻾ãǶԳɹĻıˡӡƷ¡תǿ(personality ethic)ɹȡڸԡԼά˼ʹϵԲ켼ɡ˼չһ˼ʹϵ빫ؼɣһǹĴȡ̬ɴΪϰߣЩȷǽɣ磺̬Ⱦɰܡ΢ЦüӮѡ־¾ɡȵȣȴҲܻعŪֶΡƭˡüӮúøУαװԼȡ鱨ƣвֶδﵽĿꡣ    
    УЩȻƷǳɹҪ֮һ벻ʮӣֻǲݲݴ߶ԣƷֻױ棬ҪĻٳɵļݾ    
    Ƚ£˽⣬ȥɣǱʶﶼܵٳɹӰ죬ŻԶӲȡʵôΪԼĿУʧ棬ΰģĸά󣬸ڶԺӵĹС̬ҲӰ쵽ӶԼĿȷ봦ʱǱɱΣ˶Ҹ    
    ɣ֣̽ط֣Ķ۵ǿӰźӡΪӣʹǶԺӵİ۵䡣Ǿ¹򣬲ɣصĶԺӵĿǲ跨ıתӿ͹۵ĽǶȥ˽⣬ҳصĸʡ    
    һŬڷ⺢Ҳв֮ͬ޾ǱܣֻҪ˳ȻؿɷɡǾٲ֣ɷչֻǴԿ϶ӣҷһо顣һ棬Ҳһ衪ƾ躢õı϶ҡ    
    һ˹ȥ̬ʱܵһ󡣲ö˱Ƚϣѹ̶ģʽǿϣܹƽľ뺢ദӦսҲͲڱʹܳЦ    
    Ǻϰڽܱһʼֵ൱ԮȻһԤڵķӦдһϢĸر㣬㲻ġ    
    ¹ȥģҲ϶ԼļֵԼٶ벽Ǳܡѧҵ˶罻ϣıһ׼൱ܳġһжһ֮䣬һ˼άı䣬ȻʡѡѧŴݴѡ֣ûؼҵĳɼƿƼ׵ȡ⣬ϿĵĸԣߵĶദǢ    
    ɣţӡ԰ˡĳɾͣԶԷҪڵӰ졣ǰδеľ飬ǽŮԼɫáҲʹ鵽ƾƷºɹ֮Ĳжô    
    мɻ    
    ӵľ飬Լоǵ֪Ķ۳ɹصĵ໥֮£ͻȻ˸ױȵӰҲᵽСѧֲļֵۣʵĴٳѧȥԶϸ΢Ĳ쾭˺ԡҴ˵ϰߣʮЧȴе˼ͬڶԸԭһᡣ    
    Ҳǰʾǿص㣬׷˳ɳѵͨɡ˼ӰЧáʱȷʵǳɹҪأЩֻǴҪȴŵ㡣ǰ˵Ĺ켣ǰʱ̫ԼǰµĻҲϰɣѾԼš    
    ʹҿֶʹͶãΪҸ𣬻ҲøУ˴ͬ飻ȻֻҪƷȱݣԲԡ⣬վɲ˴ΪԲԻ»ɣʱһеΪᱻΪġƾٹûʣڳƣܻΣɹҲ顣ˣΩлƷܹΪ˼ʹϵɸ    
    


һ ̽ңһ ڶȫԼ 

    ֻؼɾͷ·ǰʱšʹʱ˳أɼջ۵Ŀ޷ѧþͨҲǳɳ    
    ҲʱţⲻǺܻ?˲֣æ֣ܹճ?ʲôջʲôûнݾɳȻĶɡ    
         
    ҲΪУѧУܿһСɹһʱݵ˼ʹϵУҲƾ裬õӡᱻΪ֪ڳ־õ˼ʹϵЩҪĳӢ֮ˡûϵƷܣվüģĶܻḡ֣һʱĳɹΪ̡    
    ߱ЩҪŵ㣬ҲṫвŻˣǷȱƷ¡ͬ¡ѡż꣬һȱݵˡʵƷ²ǹͨҡѧҰĬ(Ralph Waldo Emerson)˵    
    ȻҲƷȴԴǣȻӰ쵽˼ʹϵƷʣϾ覲褡    
    ɴ˿ɼڱʱи˵˶֪ܻȫΪ˽ıԡԲǷ˵Ƿó˼ʹϵȻмӣǺ޼䡣    
    ѧǵ(William George Jordan)˵    
    ԿƿɶڤڤӰǵһʵӳңαװġ    
    ʶ˵ͼ    
    㼯׷Բɻȱ߸ϰߣǳֳɹĲĺ׼Ǳ˽ġ˼άԼת˼άʶ߸ϰߡ    
    ǰᵽƷ³ɹ۾͵˼ά˼ά(paradigm)ϣģһѧʣĿǰָĳۡ䷶˵ԣָǿĹ۵㡣ǵŲֱԸй٣͸۵˽⡢ڹ͡    
    ֮ǿ԰˼άͼͼһʵʵĵص㣬ֻǸйصصһЩϢ˼άҲʵʵǶڹͻۡ    
    էһİطȴִ˵ͼеԩͬأĽȱ㣬㲻ԣͽȻ׷ѹԱۡ㲢ںΪСֻʸŲջ񡱵ѧڷ󣬡ͼԣŬ˷ѡΩз(ͼ)ȷŬ塣£ֻʸŲջҲпȡ֮ˣؼϵĵͼǷȷ    
    ÿԺжͼϿɷΪࣺһǹʵģйظ˼ֵжϵġЩĵͼڹеľ飬ӲɵͼǷȷڲ֪ǵĴڡȻΪ˵žǸйٴϢҲʵǵ̬ΪִЩ˵˼άһ˵˼Ϊ    
    һССĲ飬ȿͼ1-1ͼ1-2ΪͼλŮʿ?ǴԼ????    
    Ϊͼ1-2ŮʿλŮӣʱ֡ׯϲԼĺöҲеģضıǮ˵㿴ˣλŮʿʮĸ䣬ݣģض·ʱһѣʲôӦ?˭ǶԵ?ʹô۲죬ҲһλϸˣԿܷϳ˶ӥӣ?    
    ۣͿ԰㿴ңҲ԰ҿĽ㡣ϽֱǶذָԷ    
    Ϊһ㣬ٿͼ1-3ҽͼ1-2ա㿴λϸ?ڼ¶֮ǰȿҪ    
    ǰҾͶѧԺʱ״νӴʵ顣λڽ˵ͬ˶ͬһ»вͬĿҶܳ޹غ߼ʹȻ    
    ȣڰƬַߵͬѧһͼ1-1ٸһͼ1-3ϸ10ӹۿЩƬȻջءĻϴصĻ棬Ҳͼ1-2ҪȫλŮӡȿٸģһ϶λٸǰϸͬѧҲΪͼ1-2λϸˡ    
    Žͬѧ˵ɣ˫ִһʣ    
    ЦҿԲʮ꣬ôǸ̫?    
    ſЦ˵Ҳ70    
    ô?Ϲ?ᣬƯֿɰҵȥޡ    
    ɰ?Ǹ̫š    
    ʱǶ֪Լ۵㲻һȷԷĿҲֻܳǿͷ˭Ҳ䣬ֻͬѧŴһֽǶ    
    һ磬˫ֲ¡λͬѧǰȥָһ˵ٸһһλϷϸǡǴʼһһۻÿϸڣ𽥽ܶԷĹ۵㡣תȥȻٻͷʱֻϳʱ޶10֮ڿ    
    


һ ̽ңһ ڶȫԼģ 

    Ϊ˻˾ιʱʵ飬ΪܹʹǶԼ˼ʹϵıʣи͸ʶҪǣֳԼöǵ˼άжӰ10ӾܲӰ죬Լÿ֪˵һУԼͥѧУͬ¡ڽԼ˼()Ӱڲ֪Լǣǵ˼άͼ    
         
    ʵҲ˵˼άΪ̬ȵĸǵһһо벻˼άӰ졣ͼ1-2ΪΪһλٸȻ뵽̬֡ȺΪͬĿһ¡    
    ɴ˿͹Ը˵Ļȱ֮һҲǽǿΪ̬ȵƤëȴ˸Դ    
    ʵУǻᵽ۵˼ʹϵáһΪԼĹ۵ȷ͹ۣʵȴ֤Ȼ˵Ľ۲ͬ۵ġġ    
    ʵϣǸ߹ԼΪ͸ɫ۾ȥڵ磬ҲĹ۵ȥ˵˸һʱǱֱΪ⡣ʵ۵㲻ͬ¿죬ȫ    
    Ⲣʾûп͹۵ʵڡƩͼ1-2У˫˰׵׺ҲĴڣֻÿ˸ľвͬڹ͡ڹͣЩʵ㲻κ塣    
    һǶĻ˼ά(ͼ)ԼǵӰʶܹΪԼ˼ά𣬲ԼӡͬʱԱ˵Ŀ˼άҲܹɣ˲ܻýϿ͹۵Ŀ    
    ˼άתȫµĹ۵    
    ʵõУҪĪڡ򡱵ľ飬ҲǺȻԷԭۿġǳΪ˼άתһӡӰ󣬶Ĵ̼Ҳ    
    ˼άת(paradigm shift)һѧҿ(Thomas Kuhn)ģӰľ֮ѧĽṹ(The Structure of Scientific Revolutions)һ顣вͣÿһѧоشͻƣȴƴͳƾ˼άųɹġ    
    Űļ(Ptolemy)Ϊģ(Copernicus)̫ģ˼άתܺǿҷȺתۼ䣬ڹȫĹۡ    
    ţ(Sir Isaac Newton)ѧԭִѧĻδѧı߽硣ֱ˹̹(Albert Einstein)һΪѧһθ    
    йϸѧ˵δ֮ǰ฾Ůڷ䣬սʿ˲ǵ˵Ĺֱϸ۴ȫµĹִҽѧнĿܡ    
    յҲ˼άתĳɹͳȨڡר˼άĹȡŴٳɸᡣ    
    е˼άתġᵽǿƷתΪǿʹƫɹֵ졣    
    Ҳ˼άת׵ʧҲ׷𽥷ֻͻġ֮ıǵ̬Ϊˣӹɵġ    
    ҸһСС˼άת顣ǵ糿ŦԼĵڣ˿Ͷţ򿴱˼СǰһƽľʱͻȻһ뼸СӵƻաԱߣƾĺҰ֣޶ԡ˭˶ȫƺʮֲ޿̶˵ĺӴ˲ٳ˿ͣɷܹ?    
    ̧͵Ŀ⣬·γѣ˵ǣҸ跨ܹǡǸմҽԺǵĸ1СʱǰŹȥġѾǴҲ֪Ǻá    
    ҵʱĸо?˲䣬ҿµĽǶȸıˣ뷨оΪҲ֮һ䡣ҵŭȫ鲻ԽΪеѹ֮ͬȻޣķ˸չ?ܱǸ!̸̸?Ҫæĵط?еһоʹ˸Ĺۡ    
    صΣʱҲ󳹴µĽǶȥ塣ʱͻȻһ½ɫɷӡĸܻ쵼Ҳᷢ    
    뱾    
    Ȼе˼άתͬŦԼľǰѸ٣Һɣӵľ飬һҷĹ̡һʼϮͳףŮĳɰܴĸ衣ֱ˼άı䣬ĽǶȲͬų׵ԼԼܵĻ    
    ΪȫµĹ۵㿴ӣǱˡͶʱ侫Ʒ£ͬ˼ά    
    ˼άƷϢϢصģ˵ʲôʲô˼άԲģ˼άҲת    
    


һ ̽ңһ ڶȫԼ壩 

    ȷ˵ŦԼת䣬ҲҵıʹȻţЩ˼ʹ֪ʵֻԸźھθУĬĬε֪ԡͬأҲȽУһʼͲţȥ˽ô֪    
    ɴ˿֪˼άΪǹ۲͸ġƬ˼ά      
    ת˲ɻɣǸıΪ̬ȵԭ    
    ԭΪĵ˼ά    
    Ʒ³ɹֲһ֮ϣǾЩԭ(principle)ָɹԲƣ൱Ȼַ·ȻѧĶĺ׼κ˶޷ڻȷԡ    
    Щԭ򾿾ôСôݺӣɿ¿(Frank Koch)ںѧԺ־̡(Proceedings)нκϾԻ֤    
    ϰսкգе콢ϷۡһڴϸŨص£ܼȼʱҲڴָһС    
    ҹ󲻾ãһԱȻ棺еƹ⡣    
    ѯʹƽԶ롣Ա𣺡ƽʾԷײǣ롣    
    ź֪ͨԷӭʻת20ȡ    
    Է˵Ƕˮ֣ת򡣡    
    ʱѲȻŭУսת20ȡ    
    ԷźŴǵ    
    Ǹ˺    
    λһ˼άת˼άһתȫĹۡλΪ߲ʵ飬ʵճУǾͬŨеĴͬǺҪġ    
    ԭ·ǧһ˴ӾԼн˼άҲǵͼȻ͸Щ۵ȥԼ˼ʹϵͼص㱾ֻǡ۵ʵǶĳһصʶ硰һԭǡ͹۵ʵǵͼνͣ޷ıĴڡ    
    κֻҪʷʢ˥ѭ˽⣬Щԭǵ˲ơöµġĴ˥ȡǷЩԭ    
    ǿЩԭ򣬲һЩڽҲκضڽ̻˵ϸҪڽ̡˼УǡЩκ˶ᣬͺ֪ɫ˾߱ʹ׻˷񶨶޲ãȻڡ    
    ȷ˵ƽԭƽ˼άɴȻÿԺνƽԼάֹƽܷܴ󣬵϶Ϲƽԭı    
    ǡʵ롰ֱ໥ŵĻܻ׷Ⱥĳɳ    
    ϡԭ򣬾ͬʾģƽȣ츳ַȨɼ׷Ҹ֮Ȩ    
    ⣬񡱵ԭ򡪡ףԼƷʡ׷׿Խԭ򡣡Ǳԭָ˾ɳɳϷǱܣչֲŻصǡɳԭҲǱܵԷӣسչ֣Ҫġ롰ϡ    
    ԭͬʵʵضΪĳһһıʧЧˡͺñȸĸȫԽһӵķʽȥһӡ    
    ʵǸġֲģԭȴձġġԭڸˡͥԼ˽壬ʹܰԭΪϰߣôҪ練ơ    
    ԭǼֵ(value)һȺ˿ͬļֵۣΥ˵ԭ򡣼ֵǵͼԭǵص㱾Ωнȷԭ򣬲ࡣ    
    ԭΪ׼ҲǲɵĻࡣǿƾƭɡӹµһ䣬ó־õҸɹ?ܶΪ淶ĺʵи˵˵ԭȷʵǵ֪Сһ˵˼άܷԭ򣬱ȷ档    
    ѭɳͱ仯ԭ    
    Ŀǰʢеĸ˵ĵطǺųԲ˳ɾ͡Ƹõ˼ʹϵнݾѭؽ̤ʵȥ׷    
    ֻʵʽ۵ڹͶʹԳɹҲʤ֮䡣    
    ǿȲʵʣֻġһ֥ͬӸ磬õȴǵɵĵͼ򲻴    
    оѧҸķ(Erich Fromm)˵    
    ǳһججˣû֪֮ȴҲںΩһʶˣǱеԼʧȥͨԲ壻һαƣ¶ĸо޷ʹǿ仰ˣһɥʧʣ޿ɾҩپǻǲܿܿ    
    


һ ̽ңһ ڶȫԼ 

    ɳչĽ׶Σѭ򽥽СѧᷭУȻѧ·ܲÿһ趼ʮҪҪʱ䣬ûһʡԡͬأĸ棬Сѧ٣ͬദˡͥϵ֣Īˡ    
    Ȼεϣǽܽܡѭ򽥽ԭ򡣵ھ˼ʹ      
    ϵƷϣһȴ˽һԭ򡣼ʹ˽⣬Ҳһܹͬʵ볭·ͼͶȡɡ    
    Ȼɳ뷢չḶ́?ͨȴֻֽΪ˸̵ӡ󣬽ֲʿ֪ѵֻ߰־ְܰҵ?ּƽƽȴпʵţƤдƵһ졣    
    ҪͶһͣΥȻҴ粽Уֻʹʧ۸жѡһ10ֵıκηˮƽֻ2֣ﵽ5֣ȱ3νǧ֮Уʼڽ¡    
    ѧϷʣϱ¶Լ֪ʦ֪ĳ̶ȣôѧҲͲгαװʵǳ֮ƣб𴩵һ졣Լ֪֪ĵһѧҼѧ(Henry David Thoreau)˵    
    ʱʱæչԼ֪ʶδɳ֪?    
    ǵһΣһλѵŮҿߣԹǵĸ̫֪¡ǲĸ¶ȴҪĸİػ̵    
    Ҹ̸ƢãȴΪԼΪ𣬸Ըʹ޷ıĵһ    
    żŮѻͬദҪľѧϰҪ൱ġҪ˽Էĳ⣬Щڳ˸񡣷֮˵Իرȴ׾ٵöࡣ    
    򵯸ʱ˵ʵУƷĳͲ׷ֱ档ˣİͬǰǿαװһʧһʱ䲻±𴩣ƭԼţһ˶Լ˸Ҳɵӡ    
    ҿ̫Ͷȡȴͽ޹ӣҵҵͼͨǿ˵΢Цѵʩѹ⡢ĹﵽʿƷʡˮ׼Ŀꡣ䡰µҵĻȴŪȨԽŵաһЩֶЧԣɡʵΩȻѭ򽥽Ļϣܷչ߶ҵĻ    
    ǰҲͬĹŮ3յһ죬һžͷղ̫Ծվڿ䣬ϽץС档ڳļҳҾ÷ΣΪʱڴѧ˼ʹϵ룬Ӧóô˻̵ŮõĹļֵ֮һ    
    ķʽС͵ָһ棬ò?    
    !ԥؾܾˡ    
    ţͼڿϸСߣһ㵽ǼңҲø档    
    ȻϡҾúܾ3С̲ܽáȲֻû¸˵ñСߣְ־͸һĽƷһƬǡ    
    УҲҪǡ    
    ʱҲˣвóߣ㿴ô!    
    Ů޵ҲܣЩҵߣҲҪһ!    
    ֻòȡǿֶΣӲһЩ߷ָСѡ    
    ҵŮҪȾӵеĸоȻŻĸԸظ(ʵϣӵУθ?)Ϊ׵ңӦ൱ȣ֪Ҫ׶Ρ    
    ҵʱҳķӦ̶ȳԺӳɳӹϵӡֱֻ϶ԼǶԵģþǴġ    
    ΪҲ죬ŶŮ˹ߵҪȱģδС飬һζڴáֻнظ׵ȨǿշԸ    
    һ͹㣬ΪﵽĿġ谭˳һĳɳҲжķչԱ˴˵Ĺϵ׶ηȡ̬ȣ˫ר϶Աοصơְ͡λȨѧλǹȥĳɾ͡仯ʧָô?    
    ҸΪ죬Ͳ׵ȨԶùͯɳ˽⣬ڰŮŮоҪҪóߡڽɺҿԴȤϷתǵעҲŮϵѹףһͯӵеĸоȻ˷    
    ң̵ҲҪʱˡڹϵšսӲʱ򣬽̵ᱻΪǼֵж񶨡˽ദǢʱѭѭգЧѡϧһ޷һ㡣    
    


һ ̽ңһ ڶȫԼߣ 

    ÷֮ǰҪӵеĸо˶Լֻ֪ͥеʽظȻȫøǴӲ˽ӵҵ壬ȱҵͬ۵͡ںӵĽʽӦԳֵģӵеĸоͬʱ㹻ǻ̵ۣǡƺʩļֵҾ    
    ֢α겻α    
         
    һ˶ڳɹĸˡͥ壬۲ѡĽ˵ܸɡ죬˵ŽԼ֯ŶӾ񡣵֪ȴǳɹؾɹ̵ģܹͼӰսķ    
    뷨ˣṩ𰸵ˡʱٳɵİ취ĹãʱһЩ⡣ֻ֢ɴڣöֻ֮ḡ֡ڡЧҩ֢ϵãӶ񻯡    
    ǻعһ±¸տʼᵽļӡ    
    Ϲ̵ЧĿγ̣ҶԱܸߣҲ뾡취ƴǣϣάֱ˴õĹϵܾԱģһڼңһгΪʲôܰѵɶĵԱ?ΪʲôʼҲԱ?    
    ԼԼԱȴ޲ߵλ۽ȡҵֶΣһƵԱҵҵԱصѵ߹ȳƸְС    
    ΥԱ˽¿ϰ徿ûΪ룬ûаǵԱ뷨ҲǿѨ磬ϰеȷ˿ǣ̬ƫǹƵԭ֮һ    
    Ҫ̫ˣܸеʱ䲻áÿ춼񾭽šҴææһ7죬ˡҲμʱֻᣬҲԹ6ֹ滮ʱİ취Ȼ˵ûаԾ޷еļȳʵڵ    
    ʱǲõˣ۱֤һн֮ʱļƻ뽲ҪƵġ    
    ǷЧҲܽ⡣Ը̵ʱɸĹѵҪֻ򷴶ʹ¸Ϊ?ǷЩֵʶᣬĳЩ˼άӰʱ䡢ұʵĿ?    
    ҵĻѱƽȤǲûжֻ֣ǲаĸо̹ʣҲԹ취Ƿ·޷ȼյİ𻨡    
    ڻѽƽڵˣۻָ㣬ĳĳֿγڱ޸顣ߣ͸ɴΪ׮ȻѾ¯ܰĸо    
    ȻҲⲢһ룬˶Էȱ㣬ӵܵĴżĻĸԴڡ    
    ϵӣǷѲģǶĿԼѰ;?    
    һ˾֮ˣЩնĳŵٴл롣ȫ֯ĿԶܣֻԶ˵Ĺ»ճߵġɾ͵磬Զ֮Ҫʵʶѭ򽥽İ취ǰ˹ƥ뼱ʽĽ顣ϣõĸ⣬ҰķгԶδԭϡ    
    ڶ    
    ѧҰ˹̹˵    
    شⷢʱǵʱ˼ˮ׼޷    
    ǻܡģ׷ٳЧ֮󣬲Ż˽⣬ЩⲻԷǳķʽҪ˼׼ҲһȷΪ׼ǽ⡢׷Բµ˼׼ҲǸЧʿ߸ϰߣǿԭΪģƷΪԼܴﵽЧܺ˼Ч(interpersonal effectiveness)ġڶ⡱    
    ڶ⡱(inside-out)ɸĲ֡˼άƷ붯    
    ӵĻôһܲˣҪһζǿԷϣഺڵŮϲôһ¡ҶµĸĸϣڹиôְԱϣΣôֵεˡϣŻûôԼĻƷ¡    
    ڶǿ׷˵ĳɹ˼ʹϵĳɾͣضԼĳŵض˵ŵԡԸƷ£߲ɸ𣬶˼ʹϵͽ޹    
    ڶһ̣ѭ׸˳ɳȻ򣬲Ͼ󾫵Ĺ̡γѭǿ໥ĸ߾硣ŻҿҸɹ˹£аҵܡѧڽʿ򸾡ǽӴľ֤ʵõҸɹ֮顣    
    ڵĹʹ˲Թֻ˵ȱʹ˴˹ϵ͵Ŀ͹ۻҼһЩƵķ򸾣ֻϣԷı䣬æŽҷԷġ״ϣƶԷҲһЩʾף˫ɺķѴʱ侫ֹ±˴Լʵ˭Ҳ˭    
    ҵļס֡ĵطϷǡɫ밮ЩĳͻʼδűȻΪڲܷÿһΪǱɵģˡܹͻȻʧȻͽˡ    
    ᳫķڶ˼άΪ۵ټϴͳӰ죬˵Ҫȵҵʲת˼ά    
    ʵԼ˹µľ飬ټϸ۲ʷĵãȷű߸ϰģǵԭһ˵֪볣ʶΪҪȷЩԭ򣬲ԷǱı뷨ת˼άҵһڶ⡱¾硣    
    ˽Щԭ򣬲֮ʫ˰(TSEliot)Ծͻ᲻ӿ壺    
    Ǳزֹͣ̽һ̽ľͷػ㣬״ΰ˽⡣    
    


һ ̽ңڶ ߸ϰߡۣϣ 

    ϰ߶ǵоӰ죬Ϊһġڲ֪УӰǵƷ£¶ǵıԣǵĳɰܡ    
    ˵Ϊһظ׿Խǵһľٶϰߡ    
    ˹(Aristotle),ϣѧҡۼ    
         
    ˵Ʒ»ϰɵġ˵    
    ˼жжϰߣϰ߾Ʒ£Ʒ¾ˡ    
    ϰ߶ǵоӰ죬Ϊһġڲ֪УӰǵƷ£¶ǵıԣǵĳɰܡ    
    (Horace Mann)˵ϰ߾ͷ·һÿΪһҪþͻβơ仰ĺҲҹͬϰ߿ɣҲԴƣһͣҪڵŬޱȵ    
    ̫˴˰11̫մ(Apollo 11)״ε½ɲǣȷ̾Ϊֹ̫˵ȰѵǿܷڸշļӣҲһʼļӢ֮ڣѵʱ̣ĵԽļʮӢ    
    ϰҲһмֻ˲ע򲻿ϳϰˡҪѭҡȱġëû˽Ȳϰԣȱ־ܴظĸʵĿꡣɡҪŬȻһǣǱǰδеɡ    
    ϰߵͬȻеһ㣬ΪãҲΣǣؼáϰ߻һʱаڴĿ꣬Ҳлһ档ѭУ˴˱һ򣬱ϾҲáֻҪϰߵӴʹġЧʡ    
    ϰߡĶ    
    齫ϰ(habit)Ϊ֪ʶɡ롰ԸߵĻ塣    
    ֪ʶԵĹָǡʲôΪָԸǡʾижԸҪһϰߣҪȱһɡ    
    ͬ¡żŮദòǢΪֻԸԼӲĸ˼ʹϵ跨˽ȷĴ˽֮ҿܸ֪ұʹ֪ˣҲ˸áΡȥ֪ӦҲļɣԶԶԸȻ޷ϰߡϰߵҪϡ    
    ǰᵽҪұȴ˼ά֡˼άһı䣬ĿȻֻͬعͷӰңγһѭӦô֪ʶԸŬͻƾ˼άʹ˼ʹϵܸһ¥    
    ıϰߵĹ̿ܺܲܣϾϰΪȽܸ˰ȫСΪ׷һҸɹʱǰİҲֵõġһŬĹʵΪ    
    ģʽͼɳ׶    
    ߸ϰศɡһǳɵġЩϰߣǿѭ򽥽ɶ    
    ʱڱȫˣɳɳŹţս뾭ȷ棬ϳɳֱһܹȫ    
    Ⲣʾɳ͵ΪֹڲҵͬʱǿﴽĹϵڣȻһ̬ϵ޷Ⱥӡϸ߲εǻ˼ʹϵйأ֤    
    Ӥڳˣؾֻ̡ɳ棬Ϸȫζͬ졣ͬأȱݣҲ졣    
    νģʽͼ(maturity continuum)ɳ׶ΣֱΪڡڡڡ    
    (dependence)ڣΧš㡱չңΪҵĳɰܵʧвұ㡣    
    (independence)ڣڡҡĹҿΪԼҿѡ    
    (interdependence)ڣӡǡĹǿͳЧΰǰ̡    
    صˣԸˣԼ£ˣȺȺԴɹ    
    ޷вȱҪ˵İʹвֵܶ밲ȫнڱ˵ϣһ޷ȡñˣ˱ʧȥֵ֪ʶ޷͵˴Ϊ˼еĴС⡣    
    ෴أ϶˿ԳΪ϶˿Լ˼룬߳˼졢֯϶ܹ϶ңںĻ    
    ɴ˿ɼö࣬Ǹ˳ɳļ¡ֻϧǰֵ۽Ϊ־鼮¶ǿ·ͨŶӾ񲢲ҪʵǶĽΪ˶    
    


һ ̽ңڶ ߸ϰߡۣУ 

    ڻĹ򾭳ܵ⣬ܶ˰Ϊһ̸޹ֺΪ˽ɣӣΣȴٽ塣    
    ЩҪ׷šԼȨԼ¡ʵо¶ɰѲԸ˵ȱʧԼܰԼĲƽ    
         
    ȻĻȷֵøĽĵط̬Ǹ˳⣬뻷޹ءʹ͹ٺãԶǷİ    
    ӵ˸ˣܹˡ־ȷֵ׷󣬵ԲռĿꡣ    
    ֻضϢϢصִһȱദ£ֻܶԶ޷ΪɫŶӵһӣҲļͥɴ˿֪޷ȺӣҪ׷ԲԵľ㡣    
    һ൱ĹϻˣԸ㣬Ҳ˽⻥ܷӸáϻˣȫ϶ԼļֵҲҪػԼ֪ʶϻˣȡ̡֮֮֮һˣܹ˷ĸܣĽҲܹ˵ĵá    
    ڴ˱ǿֻж˲ܴﵽľ磬˻߱㹻ˣ½ϰߣ߸ϰеǰԼЩϰڡ˵ĳɹ(private victory)ķ룬ƷµĻ˵ĳɹһڹڵĳɹͬ֡ճɣ޷ߵ͸˶ԣʡԡ    
    ĶûϵĻƾ˻ǿڵġ塢ϰǵŶӾ񡢺빵ͨ׷󡰹ڵĳɹ(public victory)    
    ˰ŲʾǰϰԶ    
    ʵǿԼݲΪ˰˽ʵ    
    ڵ߸ϰߣ򺭸ϰߣ£ֹ    
    ͼ2-2ʾ߸ϰɳ׶εĹϵ¸Խ̸ͼԼ߸ϰ໥ӳЧ    
    ЧԡĶ    
    ܵ߸ϰϺЧԭЧΪ־áܰЧؽ⡢ջԼȷ    
    ҶԡЧܡ(effectiveness)µĶǡܱƽ⡱(P/PC balance)Ԣ𵰵Ĺ£˵˺ӵԭ    
    ˵һũ䷢һֻ𵰵Ķ죬ñ˸̡ǲƸȴʹø̰꣬ÿһ޷ũ쿪ذѶɱͼĽȫȡ˭֪һﲢûн𵰣ȴˣҲ𵰡    
    ԢЧܹһܺõ֤һӽ𵰵ĽǶЧʣҲǲƷ࣬ЧߡĹȴǣЧܰҪأһǡ(production)𵰣ҲϣõĽһǡܡ(production capability)죬ҲԴﵽĿʲ졣    
    ӽ𵰣ڶˣ𵰵ʲס֮ضᵰˣԼ˵ˡˣܱƽܴﵽĸЧܡ    
    ˵Чܹ    
    ӵеʲϿɷΪࡣ    
    ǰһʲ綯ݻҾʹãȴӲǰû⣬ͳˡʱҲάޣѾ̫٣ֻʣ²һ˵һѷ    
    Ҽ翪ʼʲôڻĲ޼ƽĲƤұ뻨ѸʱǮһ»ȻЧԭ    
    ɴ˿ɼƻʲһһԣҲԼȻ    
    ͬҲڽʲ˵Ϣ൱ڲΪ˸ñϢͻ٣ƲֵȻ֮ˮ޷ά֡    
    Ľʲ׬Ǯı졣ܳͶʣԼչĻܵƣֻͣеְλϣæŴĦ˾⡣ˣְֵλһ޳ɡ    
    ʲԣ֮ƽΪҪΪʲΪƣʲܡ    
    ȷ˵˫ӪӪڻý𵰣༴ܻĺôȴά˴˵ĸ飬䵭ԶΪֻˣֶΡݶԷԼҪæΪԼ滤޶Էȱ㣬మĸоܵĹϵȻ˥ˣͺñȶĲһһ񻯡ӹϵǷҲݱ䵽ֵز?Ůʱȫĸȱʱĸȴͨ齻ӹϵĲܡҪԣƵĵλŮʵԸĸӲֺŮڴ˻³Ķͯ벻أȱθС    
    


һ ̽ңڶ ߸ϰߡۣ£ 

    ȨʽʽḶ̬́ܽƫؽ𵰡ĸֻںǷԼ˼£ֺܲŮڶ죬ҲǺδθСɸԼģƺ޹ؽҪˡȵŮؼԵഺڣͬΣ֮󣬹ȥ븸ĸദľ顪ĸǷ񲻴еǷĵعػȵȡĸܷŮ׽ͨӰŮΪ    
         
    ˵ҪŮַ࣬ϣõĲ𵰡Ůǲܡֻ졣Ҫ󲢲֣ĸԸԼķ䣬˴ߴ٣Ϊ֪³ŵͲӦʳԡʱһɹʲһֻ𵰵Ķ졣    
    ֻʷǷ࣬ĸܡôʹƵƵ߶вͷҲͽ޹Ϊ˶Ҫ븣Ȼˡ    
    ڲܣҺҵһŮһЩȤľ顣һأǼƻһ죬Ҷ˵ģʲô?    
    ޣˡش˵ģ㲻þ롣    
    ϣģʲôҳϿҵ˵    
    뿴ս֪㲢ϲƻƬȥ㿴ʱͷ˯β˰ɡ    
    뿴һԸ⿴ġ    
    ȥˡߣҽ⡣ҳѧڡ    
    ⲻмƻĲ飻ǲͶʵżȻɹҲõ˽𵰣Ϊ졪Ůϵúܺá    
    Чܹ    
    κȷԭɹĵطڿڸֲͬ״ᵽÿԭ򣬲ڸˣҲ(ͥ)    
    ƽԭ?ʹ֯Աʲʱƽԭ򣬱ήЧܣŻߡ    
    Ʃĳ˸һΪֺ˾Ѳܷӵ£Ӳάޣɻҹתߣɱͣڹ˾ʱѸţǨ࣬Բͻýõ˽𵰡    
    ְλյֵȴһֻ죬ӱάޣϢĻᡣɱǣ罵Щʧ㵽˭?Ȼ㡣ǰƻʲ˲ȴֻгɱ    
    ̸Դƽԭ򣬶һʲ˿ԱøΪҪ    
    ʶһԸŨĲÿ綼Ǻת֣ϰΪһУŨвˮһµȷ󷢺ƣΪɱͣ˿ȴȻǽع˿Ͳϵʧȥ˹˿͵ΣҲſȸʹʱϰ»ͷϧʧȥʲ˿͵Σ𵰵Ķ첻ٴˡ    
    Щ˾ǿ˿ϣȴȫΪ˿ͷԱҵĽǣϣԱζԴ˿ͣζԴԱ    
    Ϊһ˵˫֣ȴ򲻵ģĲҳȳĸԴҲһ˵壬ȴ򲻵ͷԣͷԲǴŻǻ۵ĴӪʲܣӦðԱ͹˿͵ԸһúöԴΪȷʵĸԸط׿ɹҳϡ    
    һۻϣʣɢǷѵְԱ?һλֻش𣺡Ͷ!Щĸǿƹš̭    
    ǽֳĻش    
    ˭ʰо?    
    во֡    
    βͬķʽԴ˿ͣ͹!    
    ôԴ˿?    
    ΪʲôԴԱ?    
    Ϊҹġ    
    ԭˡԱǷĹڷܹ?ʴ󲻴?    
    ЦˣڸҲð֡˶١ְۣԹ˾ں    
    ֻؽ𵰵̬ȣʵԼԱǱܡǰӯȻҪȴӦһ֮ϡ    
    ӲƻдΣ˼ʹϵ̫άܣͬһÿ쳤ĸСʱΪ˶10֪꣬ʵ͸ֺ֧ЩˣȴӲֻ֪˵Ľ𵰣Զʵ硣    
    Ωвȡƽ⣬ܴﵽЧܡȻ㳣ѵľ񣬵ȷЧԭľڡճУӡ֤ӸʰǡƩǷ飬ҹߣȴŪþƣߣ岻?֮Ǻú˯һڶ쾫棬£׼ӭһս?    
    ߣʱѹ£ȴԸе顣ʱ򵹲翪ϲŬӪ˼ʹϵӮ    
    ƽЧԵľ裬֮ĺ׼ǵҲǱ߸ϰߵĻ    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰһһ 

    Ըԭ    
    ԱǱģѡӦ    
    ȡʾҪǿԣֻǲӱΪԼǰ;Ρ    
         
    ˹ʵĪȷʵŬֵ    
    (Henry David Thoreau)ѧҼѧ    
    볢ңʶתƵݶĳ䡣ȻԿ͹۵ĽǶȣ۲ĶܹԼһɵ۲?    
    ٻʽһڵΣܹ?    
    ǷӦǷΪʵĿĶơ    
    ЩеľȱԾ(self-awareness)ҲҾ֮Ϊ֮飬ԼܹϽĹؼͬʱҲܴӾмȡѵҸϰԵĸԵɡ    
    ƾԾʶǿԿ͹ۼΡԼҲǵġ˼ά(self-paradigm)ȷĹ֡˼άΪӰǵΪ̬Լοˣ˵һڸ˵Աʵͼʶ֮󣬽ıģҲͲ˵뷨Լ֮Ķ֮⣬ڱ⡣ҺеʶʹܹԼ˼άȷʵڣԼ뻷Ӱ졣    
    е    
    ǶԼΩһԡеҡ(social mirror)ʱеļֵԼȺĿԼôľͷ·ǴӹﷴԼ    
    Ӳʱ    
    Ϊʲôܱ?    
    ׼һ!    
    ܳ!    
    ҲӮ!    
    ô򵥵£㶼Ū    
    ȻЩ֧ﲻô㣬ӳ˵뷨ȱѡ    
    Ŀǰһ˶ΪǻԼõĲȷԼö˵Ӱ켫ǰҲᵽһ㡣Ϊ˵־޷˷Լδס    
    ࡰۡ൱ʢУɷΪࣺ    
    һ(genetic determinism)Ϊ˵ıŴƢãΪ游ĸŻϮϡ    
    (psychic determinism)ǿĸǸĸµ򡣸ĸĽʽͯľ飬˽յ㡣ӲǿͷΪС벻ÿηھβѣΪСʱǷܵų˺Լ˱Ƚϵĸܡ    
    (environmental determinism)Ż˵ıԡ£ϰ塢żŮ߾״ߣӰءǸݶѧҰ͸(Ivan Petrovich Pavlov)ԹΪʵ飬óġ̼ӦۡҲǶĳһ̼ĻӦԼҡЩǷȷǷԲ˵дȶ    
    ѡ    
    Ҫشʣȿ˶(Victor Frankl)ĸ¼    
    һλܹ(Sigmund Freud)ѧϴľߡѧΪһ˵ıʱڼѶͣһһպıĿ΢΢˶Ϊ̫ѧңδսڼ䱻ؽɴ(Nazi)Ӫ䱯ҡĸֵܶɴħƣΩһֻʣһáܵ̿򣬳Ϧ    
    һ죬ңȻ֮ʶһȫµĸܡպ˸Ϊռɡ(the last of the human freedoms),ʱֻ֪ɴԶ޷ġڿ͹ۻϣȫˣʶȴǶģ֮⡣оĴ̼Ӱ̶ȡ仰˵ڴ̼Ӧ֮䣬ԼѡλӦԺʽ״Ʃ˵ͺվڽ̨ϣһʹĥѧõıѵڸѧ    
    ƾ䣬϶Լ־ֱڳԽɴĽֳԽҲ䡣Эڿҵ壬Ѱ    
    ӵĻУ˶ѵõʶ츳ɹһ棬ǾСѡɡ(freedom to choose)е츳ʶ⣬ǻӵС(imagination)ܳʵ֮⣻С֪(conscience)Ƿƶ񣻸С־(independent will)ܹӰ죬ǡ    
    ǻٸߣҲԼĳɱѵ趨Ѿͣ޷ġȴԴȫܱѵԼ    
    ˣޣȴֹΪˣҲһֻڱܼ컷Ӱ죬չȻޡ    
    ݵĹҪԶԶоȻѧֵʷԼʶ֤ʵԵͼȷʵ    
    Ķ    
    ˶зֵԵ׷ԲҪ׼򡪡(be proactivity)    
    Ӣ񾭳ڹ󲿷ֵ䶼鲻ĺ岻ֹڲȡ˱ΪԼ𡣸Ϊȡڻǿսʤ飻Ҳδڻ    
    θһҪĹܹ˲ԼΪڻˡǴ˽Ǹԭֵʶľ񣬶ȫƾ绷ĸо¡    
    ԣȻǾͱʾһѡ(reactive)ױȻңˬʱ˸߲ңްӣ޾ɡˣһƬأı仯̫ᷢãԭ򡢼ֵ۲ǹؼ϶ƷʵһʹٻȻľҵ    
    ˣͬҲᡰԲȱ֮ܵӱܡû˵Ϊϣ˲˸񷴶ǿǵ    
    еˣ򾭹˼ѡԼԭ򡢼ֵۣΪΪԭ¡ڻ޷԰ε˽Ȼͬ    
    Ⲣʾ˶Ĵ̼޶ԡǶʡ̼ԻӦֻλӦȫԼС    
    С˹ͳķ(Eleanor Roosevelt)˵ͬ⣬κ˶˺㡣ӡߺ;ʥ۸ʵ(Gandhi)Ļ˵ǣǹˣκ޷ǵ𡣡ˣܺĲǱҵǡĬЩԼϡ    
    һʱȷԽܣϰԹˡֻĽɡ֮ѡ˽֮ҡĹѡɡɿ̸    
    һ(Sacramento)ݽǡһʱһλŮʿͻȻվ˲ĿԾ˼ǿλɰ಻סΧ˴ۣ鿴൱졣    
    Ҳĸ߼Ȳһ䣬ʱס̨ҷĵáһΪĻ᣺    
    Ǿ󲻵ҵ·!һʿҸ𿴻һޡ̺ĲˡûһмĻҲ꣬ԣʹÿ춼úʹ࣬Ȼֲذʹ෢йڼϡʿҲͬУǼֱϣ    
    Ȼվ̨ϴ̸˵ʲôδͬ⣬˭Ҳܰôѵҵʹ඼ҵ?!ίʵԽܡ    
    Ȼϵζⷬһֱ̽ʣѡԼĻӦ?    
    ҷԼȷͣӲɬҩʹԼѡ֮ϵ˿ѡҪʹࡣ    
    һվֻԼķˣȫԣ!Ұ!ڱ˸ҵĴ    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰһ(1) 

    ɴ˿ɼҵȻʹˣǻ˸ԲӰ졣Ǽʹľ飬־ڣǿ־δڸˡ    
    ǰᵽĸ˶һӡ澳м̲εʤö٣ززϣȴ壬ʾֳԽʹࡢԽԹԵľȷʡ    
         
    ɣӵйôһλѿޣǽʱİɣཻ25ϣǳϧ޵˰֢ʹˣȻ쳣ǿֹʹҩԱȫԼΪŮδÿɳ׶һЩԣʮ跨¼ֱɣһɣÿÿΪĸжѡ    
    ޵Ĳηѡֱǰģʹ˶ܵԶˣǰһ죬ֵԹԡ    
    ҳೡСģĵ飬жᵽƵľ飬ͨྭԼռ1/4׷ʣǷ»ʱΪ˶Ӧĸп1/4ʱͬС    
    ˶ָҪļֵһǾֵ(the experiential value),Ǵֵ(the creative value),Ը˶̬ȼֵ(the attitudinal value),Ҳ֢ʱķӦֵּУߵ̬ȼֵҶľ֤˵ȷе    
    澳ܼ˼άĸı䣬ʹȫµĹ۵ȥ£Լ壻ɴ˻ܿɹļأ˸жѡ    
    ȡ    
    ԱǱģѡӦ    
    ȡʾҪǿԣֻǲӱΪԼǰ;Ρ    
    ҾȰһ¥ˣӱȡúĲ飬оʺϴµҵ跨ͼĻٺ⣬ȻЧı﷽ʽԷ֤ԼܹЭǽ⡣ʽۡ(solution selling),ҵɹҪ֮һ    
    ͨǰѯ˶ϣôȷְֻһ˶ҳֽڣϲȡҪĲ裬ᡣ    
    ôĳҵĳҹ˾?˭ϰ?    
    Ҳ֪õĶȥúĲ顣    
    벻αԼ    
    ֻ̫˵İŻʵϣùǿԼȡġҼңκ˶жΣñ跨ʰо֡ʹͻСҪǣԼ취Ҳϰ硣    
    ҪθвǱ֣һֿ϶˵ԣԣٿṩԷһ澵ӣԱδŤطӳҡ    
    ڸ˵ĳȲͬд׶εˣ̫ߡٿɴգθС    
    Ϊ    
    ֮ϴǣ͸Զˡ    
    ҪĲƽ⣬׷Բʵڲȱ١˱ϰߣԻľΪܡÿϰ߶ȴͻˣһˣչ㲻ή١    
    μӹĳҵÿҵֻᣬǵõʱֵȵףһܵĴ˻һʼ̵ʿܵ䡣    
    һĻǸҵֿҵ߱ʾòõʶԱάҵ档ÿ˶ȻǰҪġ    
    ڶ۸ҵδΧպ䷢չء̽ʱɥһ㣬˶ΪӶ񻯡    
    ˵죬ҾǶȣڻǽӦ?кβƻ??ּǿ뽵ͳɱﻮοгʽҳʵʿе;ۡΪ3Ļʱ˶ʿ߰ʮ㡣    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰһ(2) 

    һĻǸҵֿҵ߱ʾòõʶԱάҵ档ÿ˶ȻǰҪġ    
    ڶ۸ҵδΧպ䷢չء̽ʱɥһ㣬˶ΪӶ񻯡    
    ˵죬ҾǶȣڻǽӦ?кβƻ??ּǿ뽵ͳɱﻮοгʽҳʵʿе;ۡΪ3Ļʱ˶ʿ߰ʮ㡣    
    λĽǣ    
    һҵĿǰãδʾڻ񻯡    
    ǲȡȷĶԲߣĽͳɱгռʡ    
    ˣҵľȹȥá    
    ˼ͬʵҲ϶ȨѡʵӦ    
    κ壬ҵ弰ͥԻ㼯ԱĴǣԻԴȺĹͬĿ꣬ҵĻ    
    Ҫ˵Ұ첻    
    ǿʶĹΪзӳһ˶Ի̬ȡ    
    ϰˣоͻ¶жεĸԡ磺    
    Ҿ·˵ⱲעĲˡ    
    ʹŭɶ!ζţβңҵ    
    첻Ҹûʱ䡣ҡ    
    Ҫĳ˵Ƣһ㡱˼ǣ˵ΪӰҵЧʡ    
    Ҳòˡζţڻˡ    
    ̬ȶձ    
        
    Ϊ    
    Ҿһ    
    ʹŭɶ    
    ǲܵ    
    ұȡ    
    Ҳ    
    ұ    
        
        
    Կû    
    ҿѡͬ    
    ҿԿԼ    
    ҿЧı﷽ʽ    
    ѡǡĻӦ    
    ѡ    
    Ը    
    Ҵ㡭    
    һλѧ٣Ϊӵر    
    Ըǲòȥ?    
    û취ȥ    
    ȥʲô?    
    ǻҴУ޳    
    ϣֽ?    
    ϣ    
    仰˵ΪУҪ٣ȱҵĿΣ?    
    Ҳ֪    
    ϸһ룬ȱεȻʲô?    
    㲻ῪҰ?    
    Ϊġܼ֮ӣͲܴȻȱλʲôȻ?    
    ʧȥѧϰĻᡣ    
    Ȩ⣬֪ңҲѡӣҪ˵Ǳô    
    ѧȻǲμӱȴǳԼѡ    
    жʤо    
    εĻǿۡ˵һ鱻ԼϴԣøԹ԰˵ĲǡӣҲйϵ    
    ôһλʿ˵    
    ˵úеÿ˵״ͬ㿴ҵĻҺ̫̫ѾʧȥָоĺܵģѲమô?    
    Ѿаĸо?    
    ǵģ3ӣ˷Ĳ£ʲôý?    
    ȥ˵    
    Ҹ߹㣬Ѿûָоˡ    
    ȥ    
    㲻˽⣬û˸оΰ?    
    ΪˣҪȥ    
    Ұ첻    
    ֣һʣĸожĳɹ㰮չԸô?    
    нУǴȴѰһָоʽĵӰͳֲΪĹΪֻǸоûиоûаʵϣɸоΪǲε    
    ʵжְĸʹ࣬ףرֺĸŮ΢ͨжʵ֣ĸоɴ˶    
    עȦӰȦ    
    һ˶עΧĴСԼӰ־ǿҲж̬Ƿÿ˶һЩע⣬Ůҵ״ƣЩɹ롰עȦ(circle of concern)УЩǸ˿յģЩΪѸ˿ԿƵȦγɡӰȦ(circle of influence)    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰһ 

    ڡӰȦˣ̤ʵأøԶͶעԼΪ飬ɾͽʹӰȦ    
    ֮ȫעڡעȦʱ̲ơ˵ȱʧͽΪ޷ı״ǡԹˡηηȺĸоǿҡɴ˶ĸãӰȦС    
         
    ǰᵽҵһѧУӦɣܵˣӣЩעȦ֮ڡǰȫͶעϣȫڱԼӵġ    
    תĿ굽ӰȦ˻ЧıǣҲӰ쵽ӡǲصֻҪԻΪ    
    ÿ˵ĵλƸɫ˼ʹϵͬĳЩ£ӰȦܴڹעȦⷴӳ˽ǳҲһʽˡ    
    ӰķӹȻػ޷ȫעĿꡣˣעȦӦӰȦ£ӰЧķӡ    
    Ʒ    
    ̶ȵĸߵͣɷΪࣺ˿ֱӿ(Ϊй)˿ɼӿ(Ϊй)޷(ѳɹȥ͹ۻʹȻ)˶ӰȦе⣬Ӧ֮    
    ֱӿƵ⣺֮ڸıϰߣǾõġڶ֡˵ĳɹ۵ϰһһࡣ    
    ɼӿƵ⣺ĽӰķԽڵ֡˼ʹϵĳɹеϰġ塢ۡҸ˼30ֽȻͬķӰˡͨһ˶֪У֮飬˵֮ɹʮΪϲ߻ǹսȭͳѹƶԷĹѧϰЧ·ʽʩչøΪࡣ    
    Ϊ⣺ǵξǸıǵ΢Цƽ͵̬ȣЩ⡣ʹٶ಻ҲҪѧϰ̩֮Ȼ˲ŲƷǡһֱӿƻ޷ƣܼӿƣĵһڸıǵϰߣıǵӰ;ıǿķʽЩܿƵӰȦ֮ڡ    
    ӰȦ    
    һѧʽĳһָı䣬ѧ仯ͻĹۡͬأֻҪǿʼԻѡԵĻӦӰҲ    
    һҹ˾ù˾ܲþʢҶƷӦŻ磬ǹȴʮֶáԲָʹӲǶһĻᣬ˶ֻǷµСɫҲ⡣    
    缸ʹ£һлۼϴɧէ֮£֮࣬·ȫȫΪ˾롣ֻϧǹ˵˾ȱʧΪȴеĽڡ    
    һλ˵ԲšҰ鶼źˣȴͻȻָʾһƾһ仰⼸Ŭһʹ治֪ȥжò?    
    ˴59꣬㻹ܰ6?    
    ֪˾Ҳݡ    
    ȻһλȴԸ򻷾ͷǲ˽ⶥͷ˾ȱ㣬ĻӦ跨ֲЩȱʧ˾ָʹͼԻ壬µѹ跨˾ĳŬصܹķΧڡ    
    ܲǲʱܾһ˾Ҫ⡣ٶṩϣ͸Ϸݷ顣    
    һ죬Թʵù˾ܲý̸ΪλܡԺٿʱȻӵָʾΩλܣܵܲѯӰȦ˶    
    ڰ칫ɲС𺳣Щֻ֪ԹҵµĹĿꡣǶԣΩжβڲ֮أΪϸ𣬾͵òʧܣΪΪԼĴ˸ɴƵһɶԾޱ˵ĴΪ£֤ҡ    
    ҺλܶͬµΪ⣬ƽĴ֮ö֮ͬµӰҲˡ˾κش߱ؾĲ뼰ϿɣܲҲΪأδıܵвΪȡ̣ศɣЧ    
    λܲ͹۵ɹȷľͬδ˶ע˵ӰȦ    
    ΪǿͷԻ˵ķӦʵȻֻǷӦΪ񣬸Ϊǣܹкʵʲ֢ڡ    
    ӡʥ۸ʵؾܵӡԱΪϸǳߵǴӢ۹ūӡ෴أ磬ũͬʹࡣһһŬӪ̤ʵؽӰӮȫ֧֡ûκθ߹ٺ»һƽƾȳʳԼ˵ʹӢͶ3ֳͳΡ    
    ˽һ˵ĹעȦӰȦ̸оͿɿߡעȦмʡ    
    ҪҵķݴˣҾǣҡ    
    ҵϰ岻ôá    
    ҵɷƢһ㡭ӿ    
    иԼʱ䡭    
    ѧߡ    
    ڷӳӰȦǿ磺    
    ҿԸģǣ     
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰһģ 

    ȴԼ    
    ڻ֢ڡ뷨󣬶ĸԴʹܷһζϣڻıɸ˵Ըƾ˰ڲ    
    ȷӦǣȸı˵Ϊʵڷܡߴ⡢ܺ      
    ˣȻȥӰ컷    
    ͡ԼԼɪĹ£Լɪһҵˡ귽17ͱκ˴ͬľ£Թ԰Գū˷߷߲ƽԼɪô룬רעԼñ˼ҵܹܣеĲҵء    
    ⵽ݣԩ13꣬Ȼ־ԹΪϽĶûжãĹ֮¡󣬸Ϊ¡֮ϵĴ    
    Ϊȷһ󼰣˶ΪԼΪԼĻȺ˻˵Ľ١    
    ˵ĳ˻⣬ȴֻ˽ҷԷĹ޲ֻǿңҳ֤Ǹܵܺߣػϵָ𲻵޷ʹ˸ĹǨƣ߳ŭ    
    ЧĲӦܿƵķ֣ҲȸĽԼȱʧŬΪģӻɷ򣬸Էİ֧֡ǵȻҲܸݿģԼΪԷķӦΣصڡ    
    ˺ɷ򡢺ӣǺηѧְԱʵΪ״ֹ۽ȡϲߣֻܿ򲻿֣ͬЩﲻܿƣȷ˵ԿɱĻڻաܼ֮´̩֮Ȼܹ֮ȫԸ    
    ·ֻ²Ĺ    
    ǰɹעȦתӰȦǰֵÿǣǾѡĺ    
    ÿ˹ȻѡԼΪ뷴ӦȻҡȷһ絽һиʻĻ𳵵ǰԳԸ˵ѡ񣬵ȴӰȦ֮⣬ܿơ    
    ֱȷϲŪթֶΣҷ䲻ܵĳͷ˸ϵ۵ȴĨɱ    
    ǹȻѡɣҲе֮ĺ˵һУѡĻĴ޹ֺлڲźľѳۣЩ޷ƵĹעȦ    
    صĴ󣬻ǻں޲ѣǳϡмȡѵΪʤû˾(IBM)ʼɭ(T.J.Watson)˵    
    ʧǳɹ֮ĸ    
    ˴ȴϳϣڴϼӴˡΪԼɵĴ֯ɼԱ⣬ͬڶ壬ڣܺĻԼ    
    Ϊ˺ģǱ˵ΪҲȱʧڲЩȱʧǾͷ·𱻶ҧˣȴ׷ǰȥץߣʹɢø죬羡跨֭ˣĹηǣһٴ    
    ŵŵ    
    ٻصӰȦϣΧƵĺľŵʵŵԡԼԱŵҴӲʳԣǻߵı֣ͬʱҲǸ˳ɳ塣ƾ츳ʶ֪ǿԼԼҳ̴Ľ֮пɷӵǱܡȻ־־³ŵʸ־ɡɳĹ̡    
    ŵ־ʹŵԣʹСһ׮ҲܼΪʾ㹻ʵеΡɲŵʵŵԣһлԷӦ֮ϡԣԼŵԵԲȱٵĻ֮һ    
    Ϊʮ    
    ûи˶Ӫľճе£ʹľӦޱӴѹԽͨǹ˿͵Ҫ󣬶ҪμοԼǲþϡ    
    ҽλ30ʱ䣬лľ30ڣȫרעӰȦ³ŵԶ֡˵򣬶жԴķ٣򣬲Ҫֻ⣬Ҫ⡣    
    ڻͥУԭ򡣲ع˻ĹηǣԹ죬ˣҡ    
    ˵ȱʧҪĴδңҪҪǺԴˡڸĸͬ»ʹ֮£츳Ķ־ΪԼΪҸ˲Ҹ    
    ӢǵҼԼѷ(Samuel Johnson)˵    
    ֮ȪԴġ˽ԣ󲻸ıҾͿҵҸˣһض׷֮Уͼѵʹࡣ    
    ж    
    һһʱ䣬ԼԼǵעǷСԸҰ첻Ҳò۳֡    
    ݹȥ飬ǷһЩӱܵ?Ӱ췶Χ֮?ӦαŻԭӦ?Ժһһģ⡣Լ̼Ӧ֮仹أѡľ    
    ӹճУҳһ㱸д۵⡣жֱӡӻ޷Ƶ⣬ȻӰȦѰٽĵһ裬ж    
    ġлԭ30죬۲ӰȦǷκα仯?    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰ߶Ϊʼһ 

    쵼ԭ    
    ̫˳ɹ֮󣬷е飻õ֮ȴ˸ɹˣҪԸȻֱǰֵףʹ塣    
    ֮ȣԵ΢    
         
    ķ˹(Oliver Wendell Holmes)ǰ߷Ժ󷨹    
    ĶʱҸƧܸŵĽ䣬׿һ飬һ֮á    
    ǰǹݵ·ϣҪȥμһλ׵ɥ񡣵ִ֮󣬾ȻѺ뼯һãΪҲ֮꣬£Ҽٶʱˡͬ»Ż飬̨׷ƽ    
    һ룬ϣʲô?һκγɾ͡׻ֵû?ǸְɷӡĸŮ?Ǹ˻ͬ»?ʧȥ㣬Թ˻ʲôӰ?¼ĸܣ˽Ȿµص㡪Ϊʼ(begin with the end in mind)    
    Ϊʼ˼    
    Ϊʼϰ߿ڸͬ棬ĿĻʵУԷĵٹ̵ļֵۣӴӰȦĺĲ֡Ӵʱ˿һһһмֵ׼ԸΪ飻ҲɸӵֵһСӦʱʱ̰̿ʹģÿһ춼Ҫ˿Υ    
    ȷʹҲζţκһǰ巽ɶĿǰ״˽ø͸׷ĿĹУҲ;׷ѹ    
    ;·ܶ࣬һСľͻԩ·ƴͷɣȴ֪ΪͷȻ׷ɹĽݴǽΪʱˣҲæµȴ塣    
    ̫˳ɹ֮󣬷е飻õ֮ȴ˸ɹԴԹ󡢸޼֣ƽͷС񡢷ӣ˲׷ĲƸߵҵλɱ֪ɹÿÿ븶ĴۡˣҪԸȻֱǰֵףʹ塣    
    ǹ۶ʱϣõۣĿĿꡣǶȿɾ͵ȵȲԵ΢    
    ôһС£ɥߵѣ¶Ų?Է𣺡ʲôҲûߡ    
    ﶼδ    
    ΪʼﶼδԭΪġﶼǵļһεĴ(mental /first creation)ʵʵļڶεĴ(physical/second creation)κ¶й˼Ȼʵ֡ˣ϶ʹԵҪ    
    ԽΪ𹤾߽֮ǰ꾡ͼͼ֮ǰԺй˼ÿһϸڡͼȻʩƻͰ࣬ɽʹȱʧֲܾ±롣ͼԸ̾Ϊ׼׷ƾΡ    
    ҵҲͬҪ뾭ӪɹȷƷɴﵽӪĿ꣬Ȼۺʽоչҵ¡豸ȷԴԸŬǰҵȹ滮ܣʽ㣬гʶ塣    
    ŮҲҪʹ̳ȶθеŮճŮദʱ͵ýʹΥľٶ    
    ȹ˼жԭ÷Χ㡣ȷУҪȾĿĵ·ߣ̨ݽӦԤ壻·ҪƿʽѶʹΪͬҪӰȦͻս    
    ʹöʶĲЩʶֻ֪ѭͥ򻷾ʹǰʹڸۺö񣬲Ͽ͹ԭ֮ԱܣЩĹأ²˳ӱ˵Ҫʧȥ뿿϶Ҽֵ    
    쵼δ    
    Ϊʼ쵼ԭΪģ쵼(leadership)ͬڹ(management)Ĳε쵼ǽڵϰһۡ    
    쵼Ĳͺñ˼ΪЧذã쵼ȷǷȷ;ڳɹĽŬ,쵼ָǷȷǽϡ    
    Ҫ߼һѡһ£һȺڴľߣʵ⡣Ǻⶨߣȷ̺Ͳƻ쵼ǿѲȫòȻµ!    
    æµߺ͹߳ôش?˵ˣɵɫء    
    Ϊ˺ҵͷľûʶҪĲǿ֡    
    УЧ쵼ԵҪҪ룬ҪָԷŲѵ£˭ҲԤδķչʱΩԼж¡ʹҲе̡ʹжȷ    
    ɹ˵Ĺؼȫȡ˶ѪŬǷ÷˶Ըиҵԣ쵼ڹ    
    ҵ棬г˲Ϣ䣬쵼߱벻עӻı仯رߵĹϰߺ͹ʹҵȷķչ    
    ҵҲ쵼עⲿı仯ٺҲʹƲȱЧ쵼ĸЧʹ˳֮Ϊ̩̹˺ִΡ۹ôɹֲ쵼ʧܡ쵼ȷǺѵģΪǳڹȦ԰Ρ    
    ǵͼΪһʯ͹˾Ϊ1ܽ޿γ̡һÿϣù˾ܲø̸˵Ͽĵã    
    ʷٷңڵڶָ쵼Ĳ֮ͬԼĽɫҸ쵼ÿæӦ⣬˽ͷöҾ˳ȥϣúΪ˾ȷ    
    ʵڲװ!ҪֲǰȵĹֿɵõĳɾͣʮʹࡣ˼쵼˾νҵĻȻԼһЩ⣬ͷʹѡµĹԱҲӦ޷ٰƸҽӱǰѹ    
    ҾļֵףΪ϶Լ쵼ߡȷʵ˾Ҳݷ̥ǡǸӦı仯˾ӪҵӱҲ3쵼    
    ڼͥУΪ˸ĸҲƵĹ壬ֻعءЧƣ˹̵ܽĿġ顣ڸ˵ܾ͸ȱˡռӪӪȴͷӬĿꡣ     
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰ߶Ϊʼ 

    д籾    
    ÿڳɳжϮ˵ġ籾ҲǼֵԼҪԼ͵øдЩ籾߸ıеĳɼ    
    ѹʰͳ(Anwar Sadt)Դһܵĸд籾      
    ¡ڳɫеĻг˵ģһԳɫڵ־籾кǿĶԺŨ壬Ҳ޴ģ˵໥ʵҲ֪һ㡣    
    ǣؾĸдԼ籾ΪƷ³˹ؽ˼Ρѧ˴ԹߵĽǶԼʡҡ    
    ڳΪͳʱıԼɫе̬ȡҮ·ɫйᣬʷͻĺƽ˶һ󵨵Ϊղ˴άӪЭ顣    
    Ķʶ֪쵼дԼġ籾Ӱ˵    
    Ϯġ籾ΥǵĿʱܹʹдµľ籾Ϊڵļֵۡ    
    һλĸףÿŮҷеΪ̻ðɣѽѵŮĿԺó׵ȨʹŮǰĳͻҹȻʤӹϵȴѺۡӱ˳ӣڷĲܵѹֵպԸʽֳ    
    ٻصһʼᵽʵ顣ҵɥϣŮ뼯һãТ˼ǸнԸ׵İ븸ͻĴʹԸõĻ䣬ǵϰͬʹЩΪŮŮǵĸΪ    
    ʵУȴһʱʱμЩԺӵ̬Ȳӳĵ׵УΪҵķ    
    ȱ㲢޷˷ҿų˵ļֵԼɴ˽Լļֵ뷽򣬺Ͷĸд籾ԼԼԸ    
    ǺճһѻսҾͿԸݸ˼ֵ۾Ӧ֮    
    ʹ    
    ȷԸЧķ϶ԼѧȻдһݸʹ(mission statement)Ӧֵۣ˶졣˵һλѵĸ£    
    ͥһ    
    ڽ̵    
    ԭ    
    δȡ˫¶    
        
    񱣻ڳˡ    
    Ͽҵᶨ    
    ÿһ¼ܡ    
    ƻĹ    
    ץȴʱ䡣    
    ̬ȻĬ    
    빤ɡ    
    ·µǲܼȡѵ    
    Э³ɹ    
    ̱ˡ    
    ϧڡ    
    һλϣ˼ͥҵĸŮʹб㲻ͬ    
    ҼҵͥΪ߶ҶҪ    
    ͥƽҸ֮أҪǻܰĻ̵Ůаġȡ䣬Ƿӳš    
    ϧȨɣƾһӵΡ    
    ׷Ŀꡣ    
    ɶϰϸĽԼ    
    Ǯ˵ūˡҪ׷󾭼öΪڴͶһ롣    
    Ը׽Ǯǣ˵    
    ʹΪµĸ󷨣ñһܷζ䣬ôȻΪ    
    бֺòˣڶĻСΪһ˵ӦȡҡĿԼֵ۵Ĳȷʹ֮ǾͲؽɼƫԱ֣һְܱȫС    
    䶯̫죬Ӧѡʵ˶ɴӪУ򵽻УᵽҪᳫһ֡Ʒ(logotherapy)۱ǣʵֻʧСƷЭһʹĵĿ顣    
    ֱָ    
    ҪȷʹӰȦĺĿʼΪһ˼ĸҲǰȫСǻȪԴ    
    ȫСֵۡͬС׷Լݵԭ򡣡ǻۡǶ֪жָȡжĿ͡    
    ศɣȫȷķԴǻۣǻܼжʮֽȫҾⷢչܲе˸ƽ͵ĸֱĸ塣    
    ķĳȣͬ׶ײ׶εˣ򼫶ȱȫУƾֵ򣬶ʶ壬ȱж˰ڲλߵĻΣܿ϶ң̩Ȼȷ֪ԼŬϴ˽    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰ߶Ϊʼ 

    ʲô?    
    ˶ģʹһʶõɴڡһԣĿԷΪ֣    
    һżΪģ˵ܳ־áÿɹ˼ʹϵɷ      
    ΪģȻˡ    
    Ҷλʵľ飬żΪĵĻϵ뷢й⡣̫ӻʹ˵쳣Щ޷ٻ򾭼þȵȱ仯    
    ѹһͨܵĽӦȻͬˣ˼ضв죬ǺơŮżһҵ⣬ִټһԶ׮᧿Σ    
    һԷһԷͻͼ밮޽֯ʧݵìСΪ˱ԼųԷǣ䳰ȷʵĸܣµĽʧȥ˷ǻʹƺס˰ȫУʵȻ    
    ԼͥΪģԼͥΪصҲʮձ飬ƺȻҵȷ뱻ͬʹԼĸоӼͥкͥ    
    ̫ͥṩȫмֵУ̫Ӽ崫ͳͨ޷κοӰЩͳĸı䡣ԼͥΪصĸĸΪŮҸ룬ǵİġǵŮΪǱ档    
    ԽǮΪģ˭Ҳ޷ǮҪϵİȫҲ֮һ׷Ƹ޿ɺǡΩͼòʧ    
    һ˵İȫֵȫڽǮĶϣƱʳѰΪӰƸı̫࣬κһʧ˳ܲ𡣵Ǯȴܴǻۻָķֻṩ޵밲ȫС    
    ΪϧͥҪһߣΪ˶ͬʶһλɾĸף׼ŮʱȻӵ˾ҪӰĵ绰ؾˣΪͯȴֻһΡһĻӡŮԺ־    
    ġԹΪģֻ֪ͷɵġ񡱣ʹͥ˼ʹϵҲϧֵֻǸҽһԱһ޷ʧȥе塣    
    塢ΪģռǿˣΪеĲεʣ󷿡ȵȣεҫλҲŹ    
    Ƕ֪ΪʱԻһһ뿿϶ңضʱʱڻ̻̲״̬У֮ת۳ɿաԼõˣμ׾ѷһˣֺһҼֵաѹڹƱ̳ʧ󣬻ѡһ;    
    Ϊģڵǰٳɵ֮ʢУΪ档Ӱι˹ڵθڣȻĻϵĸﲢϿǰùʡ    
    Ŀֿʹ泩ݵĴ̼ȴ˿ܸ˳־õĿ㡣̰ͼֵ˺ܿԼеĴ̼еζȻ͵׷̼ġС    
    ̫ļ٣̫ĵӰӣ̫ĵϷ£ֻ˷ǻۣǱܣȫлָֻĿѡ    
    (Malcolm Muggeridge)ڡʮ͵ʥ(A Twentieth-Century Testimony)д    
    ҴǣʱȥʮҪʮ˵£ڿ΢ƿЦȷָĳɹõǮŮ˺Ļ䣻У³ŸһС    
    Щ㶼翡    
    ߡԵ˻ΪģΪصСΪ˱ͬɣԸһдۣмֵۣҲյȫգΪ塣    
    Ϊģֻһ˶ԣżΪġҲȫΪԷµĲͬС졣    
    ԵΪģƺţʵ൱ձ飬ֻǲױˡĳ˾⵽Ҫ()Ĳƽ󣬺׹ڻΪΪҪˡԵΪġ    
    һλڴѧ飬ܽ񣬱ԶԷΪУ߻ħĵزͥ빤Ӱ죬Ƶòѡ뿪    
    λ֣ԸԲ?    
    ش𣺡ǵģֻҪһ죬ұԶðֻı߾͡    
    Ϊʲô?    
    ѱסˣһڷϡҷ˵ȡֻܵȷӰܴ󣬵ΪڶԷ󾭹ҲϿųԼҲӦһΡ    
    Щˣǰǰ޵ޣЩѳŮΪĸĺӡƫĻ߷߲ƽҲԵΪġ    
    ѻΪĵûаȫСǵļֵ۱仯޳˵ΪʱʱĦηĸûģʱʱǣűߡ    
    ˡڽΪģ˶ڽ̻ΪԣûڽȴϺڽȰƵּ    
    šΪģʱĿ¾ΪĵˣԵ˽Ȼʢеĸ˳ɹһԸΪģֻȡⲻ֪Ĺۣʹȱȫк򣬶ҲǻۼжΩΪ츣Ⱥ˽ף׷ҳɳķ    
    һԣǶĳ̬Ļ壬ƵĲͬһʱΪģһʱֱΪżΪġ    
    ҡڲ䣬һ˷緢һƾɥһ־һ    
    ԣ״ǽȷ̶ģʹƽ˳г    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰ߶Ϊʼģ(1)  

    ԭΪ    
    νȷģҲԭΪ顣    
    ԭǺò䡢µģƱ˻ԭֵӰȫСͬʱǶǸµģܴ㡰ǧˣӡ      
    ġ    
    żҲ飬ܵҲȥԭն˷Ҳ˴˳ʧԭʹ侲ǻۣȷжϣʹǲΪֱǰ    
    ԭΪģ˵ͳĶԳһ    
    Ҿʵ˵ĲͬĹ㻥졣(ο¼һ)    
    ڼٶƱ׼(ɷ)һͬȥֻᣬԷ˷ܲѣڴͻȻϰҪϼӰ࣬ΪڶһҪ顣    
    ԼͥżΪص˶ԣȻȿżĸܡôܿίܾϰ壬żʧʹΪ˱סǿӰ࣬ҲһʮֲԸһ滹跨ƽϢżʧ벻    
    ڽǮϵˣӼӰѣǵӰʹϰڵнʱ࿴ֱ׳ظżҪӰ࣬ҲȻΪԷӦ½⣬Ϊõ󳬹һС    
    Թ˵Ӱ»ΪȿӾ飬иֵĻᣬڽԲǷҪȻԶӳӰʱ䣬ΪżһԴΪ٣ˬԼС    
    ̰ˣΪӰӵĹ˷ܣΪӰԸаɽӮΪ׵    
    ܵˣʹżӰ࣬ԻƲ¹ȥֻᣬΪøοԼһ¡    
    ѵˣǷͬУǷҲӰ    
    ԵΪˣΪһֵڶԷյʱƴ֤Թ˾Ĺ׸ʤһ    
    ڽ̵ͬӰǷͬһڽֻ̣ǷΪڽֵȵȣȡᡣ    
    ĵֻģӰֻᣬһԸ˵ĺôϴ    
    עԭ˻ᱣ侲͹۵̬ȣظšȻĽǶȡҪͥҪأԼͬľɵĽԿǣ˼ǣȷľ    
    ѡֻǼӰ࣬Ϊ棬ΪӵĵҲһֻӵԭľ¼    
    һǱľ    
    ڶǾͨ̿õĽۣһʱ嶯    
    ԭľҵļֵΪ˱˶Ӱ࣬ΪҵӰ࣬ͬȴྶͥ    
    ⣬ƽʱϰ弰ӽõĻϵʱǽ˾ԵɣҲ¡ʹİãǣҡ    
    ֮ܶԭΪĵˣⲻͬ죬˼ΪҲԳһӵмʵڣõĸ߶ȰȫСǻʹлʵһ    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰ߶Ϊʼģ(2)  

    ƶʹøʹ    
    ˶˵ǷֶǷԼʹô˵ȷǡˡ˶֪߱ǣԷָ˵سʹ˶˵úã    
    ÿ˶ְʹ޷Խ޴ҡֻһΣʵĿĻҲֹһΡ׷ףʵѯڣɣҪشڵΪΡ֮˱Լ    
    ԼǰһᵽԼԱҪдڸ˵ĳҲǸʹԡ    
    һͣǱ뾭˼ǣɾģſԶܺķܣµʱ䣬Ҽʹ벻ʱΪﻻƣ˵뷨Ҳı䡣    
    ΣʹǸ˵ĸ󷨡ۣҲǺһ׵ʧĻ׼׫дʹԵḶ́ҪԲĽۡΪ֣ƱҪ׼Լ롪Ŀꡣ˼òתĿһµĸо    
    ȫͷ    
    оʾ˵ĴԿɷΪ֣˾߼˼ְƴֱԴ֣óͼؾֲϡ    
    ״Եľⷢչʵϣÿ˻ٶĳߴԽϷ̼ʱҲýϷһӦѧ˹(Abraham Maslow)Ļ˵ͷΪжǶӡҲӰǰʵеٸ/ϸͬһءԵĺԵ˿ǲͬġ    
    ϣĿǰǸԵ磬֡߼ȱΪҪĲܣйֱǾڴλ޹ֺһ˶಻ϰڷԵĹܡ    
    ۣǰᵽĹ˼ʵ׶ΣǰԵĴԿԽʱϰȫ̿滮    
    ʱ˻ͻ¼һ˲Ϊ˼̬Ϊȷ˵ͻȻʧȥˡز뾽ʱͻʣʲôҪ?Ҿ׷ʲô?ˣ̼跨ת˼ģʽ    
    һʼμԼɥ񣬾һŤת˼άģʽķдһϸá㲻żԺ20Լ50龰˹ͬƻδĻϵʲôҲݺΣϣĳɾ빱ףݺʲôƻ    
    ȥ룬ÿϸڣͶео    
    ڴѧʵ飬ҪѧԼֻʣһѧڵκúðѧϰᡣһʡ˼ѧв·֡Ҫ1ܵʱ䣬ǶԼռĵá    
    ˿ʼĸдţԸĸİ鲻ͺãһжʡ    
    ھĸо˶Ἴɣֻÿ˵᲻ͬǿȥ׷׵ˣȻ򯾴¶ܴӴ󴦡Զۡ    
    ȷ    
    ڼԦͬʱӦ(visualization)Իȷ(affirmation)ʹʵĿꡣ    
    ԸˡжиҪأǿԤġ磺ŮΪʱǻۡġᶨ(ı)Ӧ(ж)()ο(и)    
    㲻ÿӣȫɵ£ģֵֿܳ״ԼʵķӦԺеӰáΪǱĬлת䣬ȫ侲Ӧ䡣    
    ӦҶϡڸʱʽӵķʱҿʼηԼǿٳӦս    
    һΣԹĪؽšϸ̸֮£ҷԺиֵǧһʱ̣޹ֺšҽѹʱƽ͡    
    ӷƶ(Charls Garfield)ʿԾ˶ҵٮٮй㷺оһҪǣඥһ˶Ա׼ԣڲҪ̸С̨ݻѳͻǰϷֱг񣬲ˮڵ    
    ϵڽҲͬķʽֻг룬羲ּ䡢ȵȣ֪    
    Ʒ¼ԭΪͻá׷Ȼ˴ﵽĿģȴ޷ĵİ     
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰ߶Ϊʼ壩(1)

    ȷɫĿ    
    ŸʽĽɫΪ˸ĸӡɷܡְԱѣͬʱҲͬΡˣ׷ԲĹУμȫ֣ͳĿ顣˴ʧˣ⣻Сʧ󣬸˾ռߡ    
         
    ǵһ㣬׫дʹʱֿͬĽɫһһĿꡣҵϣܰҵԱԱƷԱĽɫУӡĸסɷھӡѡΡֽɫҲвͬڴֵ׼    
    һλҵܵĿ꣺    
    ҵʹҶס    
    Ϊһʹ    
    дȱġӵȺֹȰÿһˡ    
    ԸΪʹʱ䡢ǮŻ    
    򡪡̵̽Ϊ֮鳤Կ˷һѡ    
    ӰΪʹ˵ơ    
    Ǵʹеĸֽɫİ״    
    ɷ򡪡ϰһҪˣͬʹ࣬ЯǰС    
    סҪŮȤ    
    /ֵܡҲĸ飬ʱǳԮ    
    ͽضϵ۵ԣΪ    
    ھӡҪӻ֮Դˡ    
    ߡǼȺֵý顣    
    ѧߡÿȡ֪    
    һȷҪɫȫ֡ţҪÿɫĳĿ꣬ЩĿ뷴ӳļֵۡصĲŸʹС    
    ɫĿܸļܹ뷽򣬼ٶ㻹ȱôһݸʹԣǿʼ׫дʱڽڵĿ꣬һۡ    
    ͥʹ    
    ˸⣬ͥҲƾ蹲ͬĿٽгвټͥ˼ʹϵûԭȫƾһʱ𼰸˺öȱ֮ơˣÿѹߣ˱˷磬䳰ȷĬȲӦֻ³ĺӣȻΪķֻгͻӱܡ    
    ʵÿͥйͬļֵۼΪģ׫дͥʹɼ͹ġͥʹܷɵһ׵ʧı׼ԼشݣʹȫŽڹͬĿ¡    
    ׫дͥʹԣͬҲǹɹءȫҹͬۡⶩʱܴٽͨǿᶨʵֵľġΣʱͥʹԿɰһ巽򣬹ѹء    
    Ҽǽϱôһʹԣȫҹͬµԭ򣬰άࡢ顢רͼ˵ĲŻȵȡÿ69£ѧ뿪ʼ֮ʣǶ޶ʹ֮ʵ״    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰ߶Ϊʼ壩(2)

    ֯ʹ    
    ΪҵʣҪ֮һЭҵеĳĿꡣĿгԱͬⶨȡ߸ϵľߡ    
    ÿεû˾(IBM)ιԱѵҶдࡣIBMܲԱù˾ԭ򣺸ϡ׿Խ    
    α仯IBMʼԭ򡣶Ҵϵ£˷в壬ݷˮ͸ڡ    
    ǵһŦԼѵһIBMԱ࣬Լ20ҡλԼݵѧԱҪơѵIBMԱԭ밲ǾͽסԺƣΪӵ飬ؼɼͥҽΡΪȡʱ䣬޷ȴͨ˾Ȼֱרǧͻؼݡ    
    ȻȷʵĽ꣬ʿǧԪΪ˱ָϵԭIBMԸЩۡڳÿ˶õĽᣬҲ̵ӡ    
    һùݵķ̬ȣͬǾǱ湦򣬶ȫԱԶԷı֡    
    ʱΪһֻסùݣڵ̫٣޲͵áǰ̨ԱȴʾԵһˣѯʣҪҪȿ?ûҪЧ͵ĵط?Ҫ?ʱûԱ߼ල    
    ڶֻῪʼҷɫʲÿץסһԱ˵ѡ    
    ƳҵƬһۣȻ˵һġ    
    ûѣҵĶȥҡߣǰ̨һڳеұֳΪҵӡ    
    ºֹ۲쵽ԱķʵҵĺġΪʲôܹ׷й˿ϵԭ?ҷ˸ײԱָʿ̬߰Ȼ̾ؾڡ    
    ȡĹͬʹԸҿ    
    ҿԺ˵ȷͬ죬ܶ๫˾гߵĿ꣬ȴܹʵλȡרùݵľӪĿ꣬һ֯ԣǸܹ˾Ĵԭ򣬲ǵҪⶨġ    
    ˭?    
    ȫԱ    
    ๤Ůְ̡Ա?    
    ǵġ    
    Դùݵ˼룬޹ֺӪ˳ɼȻԱ˿͡ԱԱ֮ĹϵҲܵ쵼ʽӰ쵽Աļѵнʸ    
    סͬһһùݣķˮ׼ҲѷɫʷԱˮʱҵˮǰ    
    ӡ̵ǣְԱȻϴ󡣵סùݵĵڶ죬ͷ绰ΪܱʾǸдֻ͡ΪһλԱϵǵķʱ15ӣȻҲںԱ棬û˻֪ϴʹ˿ͻøõķ    
    Ωв룬ͬ    
    ֯ͥһ⣬ǳԱͬĴĿ꣬иĿҵĿ걳۵Ρһ棬ҵнƶ벻ϡ    
    ڼҵʹʱһж˲ƶж֪ĴڣͬСΩв룬ͬԭֵǿǿ    
    Сӻ½Ա׽ܸĸҵϵĹ˻Ϥ󣬾ͻ־Ҫ롣ʹûȫԱ룬ʵԼȳΪʲôҪһǿ֯Ӧϲ䷳عȫ干еʹԡ    
    ж    
    һ¿ͷǸʵʱ뷨ĵб    
    ȷҪɫĿǰݵĽɫǷ⡣    
    ÿ׫дʹԣѼõϡ    
    ġĶ¼һΪ?Ƿ?    
    塢ڻٵĳ״дϣõĽӦòȡĲ衣    
    ˻ͬ·µľһͬⶨͥҵĹͬĿꡣ    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰҪµһϣ(1)

    ҹԭ    
    ЧصʽĹҪ·ڵһλ쵼ʲôصٿص㣬ʱ̰Ƿڵһλⱻо嶯ҡ    
    Ҫ֮¾̶֥Сǣ    
         
    (Goethe)¹ʫ    
    üӵʱ̻ش⣬ϰǷǳҪġ    
    ļ£㾭Ļ˵شӰ죬ȴٳûȥ?    
    ҵļ»ƵЧ?    
    ǹһĴ𰸡Ȳ⡪ϰҪµһ(put first things first)ϰʵǰϰߣճУʱչֳȷĿĹ    
    Ҫµһͨ־ķӣԭΪĵĴ̬ȣﵽЧҹ    
    ǰǿͬ쵼쵼ʮԻĳѧΪǹĿꡢʹȴ    
    ȷ֮ӦʵճʱԵ쳣ҪǷ滮ӦõóĻҸ˶Դ˵ĸǣԹ쵼    
    ־ЧȾ    
    ʶ֪֮⣬ʹЧΪܵĵĸ츳־־񣬲Щ¡˶־ЧҹȾ    
    ־в˼Ŵ漣һ˶ԣճÿзӶ־ҪĿ⡣    
    ־ǿǷԳСһ¡ߣһΪҪƷ    
    ЧصʽĹҪ·ڵһλ쵼ʲôصٿص㣬ʱ̰Ƿڵһλⱻо嶯ҡ    
    һԴͽŷһѧһԭֵۣŷһѹһеĿĿˡ    
    仰˵ڲǶ־áԼڼֵ۵ͽø顢嶯ڼֵ۵־Ʒ¡    
    (E.M.Gray)ɹĹͨԡ(The Common Denominator of Success)һģġһ׶Ѱгɹ߹ͨؾ֣ڷܡҪȴǹؼΩصǳɹĲš˵    
    ɹΪʧΪʹĸԸΪĿ꣬Կƾ˷ϰ    
    ǿҵĽȡĿʹΪѣų֮ǣ    
    Ĵʱ۵ݽ    
    ϰʱ⣬оĵǣηֱػ֯ʱľڡ    
    йʱо൱ʷũҵݽҵٵѶʱҲɷΪĴ    
    һñ뱸¼æµеʱ뾫    
    ڶǿճ̱ӳʱע⵽滮δҪ    
    ĿǰС˳ĹҲػ趨̡СĿ꣬նʵĿļƻ޵ʱ䡢Է䣬ȡߵЧʡ    
    ȡĵطҲ˷֣ǿЧʣʱģЧʹʧȥ顢ҪԼ֮ϲĻᡣ˷ֹʱظǰάƷʡ    
    ڣеĴ۳֡Ȼ֮ͬڣ񶨡ʱʣŹؼʱڸ˹ʱİţķάֲܵƽϡ    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰҪµһϣ(2) 

    ҹԭ    
    ЧصʽĹҪ·ڵһλ쵼ʲôصٿص㣬ʱ̰Ƿڵһλⱻо嶯ҡ    
    Ҫ֮¾̶֥Сǣ    
         
    (Goethe)¹ʫ    
    üӵʱ̻ش⣬ϰǷǳҪġ    
    ļ£㾭Ļ˵شӰ죬ȴٳûȥ?    
    ҵļ»ƵЧ?    
    ǹһĴ𰸡Ȳ⡪ϰҪµһ(put first things first)ϰʵǰϰߣճУʱչֳȷĿĹ    
    Ҫµһͨ־ķӣԭΪĵĴ̬ȣﵽЧҹ    
    ǰǿͬ쵼쵼ʮԻĳѧΪǹĿꡢʹȴ    
    ȷ֮ӦʵճʱԵ쳣ҪǷ滮ӦõóĻҸ˶Դ˵ĸǣԹ쵼    
    ־ЧȾ    
    ʶ֪֮⣬ʹЧΪܵĵĸ츳־־񣬲Щ¡˶־ЧҹȾ    
    ־в˼Ŵ漣һ˶ԣճÿзӶ־ҪĿ⡣    
    ־ǿǷԳСһ¡ߣһΪҪƷ    
    ЧصʽĹҪ·ڵһλ쵼ʲôصٿص㣬ʱ̰Ƿڵһλⱻо嶯ҡ    
    һԴͽŷһѧһԭֵۣŷһѹһеĿĿˡ    
    仰˵ڲǶ־áԼڼֵ۵ͽø顢嶯ڼֵ۵־Ʒ¡    
    (E.M.Gray)ɹĹͨԡ(The Common Denominator of Success)һģġһ׶Ѱгɹ߹ͨؾ֣ڷܡҪȴǹؼΩصǳɹĲš˵    
    ɹΪʧΪʹĸԸΪĿ꣬Կƾ˷ϰ    
    ǿҵĽȡĿʹΪѣų֮ǣ    
    Ĵʱ۵ݽ    
    ϰʱ⣬оĵǣηֱػ֯ʱľڡ    
    йʱо൱ʷũҵݽҵٵѶʱҲɷΪĴ    
    һñ뱸¼æµеʱ뾫    
    ڶǿճ̱ӳʱע⵽滮δҪ    
    ĿǰС˳ĹҲػ趨̡СĿ꣬նʵĿļƻ޵ʱ䡢Է䣬ȡߵЧʡ    
    ȡĵطҲ˷֣ǿЧʣʱģЧʹʧȥ顢ҪԼ֮ϲĻᡣ˷ֹʱظǰάƷʡ    
    ڣеĴ۳֡Ȼ֮ͬڣ񶨡ʱʣŹؼʱڸ˹ʱİţķάֲܵƽϡ    
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰҪµһУ 

    ɵʱ    
    һʱ˿ûСȡĹȻÿ걸¼ϵһ£˳ɾ͸УֳɾͲһĴĿꡣˣɵֻǱҪҪ¡    
         
    Ȼô˵߲Ϊ٣ʹѹҲ١οҪ£жΡྭȱЧʣȱ    
    ڶǿˣܹδѣֻ沨Ƕûػ֮֡    
    нֵ϶Ŀꡣϧչ滮£ҰСʧ󡣵һռȥеʱ䣬ǵصȱʧ    
    ۵ݽпʽĵطĴ۱ھлϣ¾档ԭΪģϸ˶ʹ֪Ҫ뼱ԣǿͷصڶɡ    
    ׼    
    Чĸ˹±׼    
    һһ£˵ʹɫĿꡢصƻ֮䣬Ӧгһ¡    
    ƽ⣺ӦƽⷢչǰݲͬĽɫ˽ͥ˷չҪ档Ϊĳĳɹɲźշǳ֮ơѵɹҵֲĻԸϵȱʧ?    
    ģĹЭ㣬䲻ȴҪ¡ΪЧķһΪλƻһ7Уÿвͬȱģ7һ壬໥Ӧ˰ؾڲҪճ̱˳Ӧ¼Ҫ    
    ġԣ˹صˣ¡¹ȻҪЧʣԭΪĵ˸˼ʹϵĵʧЧĸ˹żЧʣǨ˵ءϾճ̱ĿЭУҪΪھθС    
    塢ܱͨӦΪãһɲ䣬ӸҪ    
    Я㣺߱Яʱɹο    
    ʵʾ飬ƳһַıʵĵߣҲֵòãֻʵ˶ˡ¾ʵ˵ԭΪģصһ    
    ˹Ĳ    
    Чĸ˹ɷΪĸ裺    
    ȷɫȣд¸ΪҪĽɫ濼⣬ͰʱԼʵĽɫһд¡ˡˡ⣬ĸŮְԱʦԸⶨͶʱ侫ģС    
    ̫࣬·ְ־ֻ뿼δһӦðݵĽɫɡ    
    뿴һοݵĸֽɫ    
    һ    
    ɷ/    
    ²Ʒ    
    ġо    
    塢¾    
        
    ߡ˾³    
    һ˷չ    
        
    ĸ    
    ġزԱ    
    塢ѧʦ    
    Ŷ    
    ѡĿꡪΣΪÿɫδ1ɵ23ҪɹĿ(뿴-2)    
    ЩĿӦʹеռĿһˡʹдʹԣҲԼÿһɫҪĿꡣδ1ܵĿУһЩҪ֮¡    
    ŽȡڣĿ꣬δ7г̡ȷ˵Ŀ֮һɸʹԳ壬ôճ2Сʱɴ¡ͨ(һжһ)˼Ҽ滮һµʱ̡    
    ٱȷĿ꣬ô34죬ÿ˶1Сʱ    
    ЩĿܱڰ칫ʱɣЩȫҹһʱʵ֡    
    ÿĿ궼ɵĳһĵһҪ񣬸ǵԼᣬȫԸԱȻ1ѶԼһһ֣ǷϸĿļԱȡʱ䡣    
    ڱ-2Уһ19Ŀ꣬¶Ҫֱ7ڡ½ǵķǡ󾫡㶨ھ塢ǡĸ棬׷Ŀĵʮ¡    
    һ滮šһУȻвٿհסӦͻ¼ճ̣˼ʹϵ͵øСһжڸ֮Уհǰ˺    
    յÿ糿һĴС񡣵ǿռƻ£ڴ˿óʹ龮Ȼ򣬲Сʧ    
    ϵʵǷĿɹ֮?Ҹ˵ĵãԼΣȷʵͬ졣    
    ִг    
    ϰСͷ·ԱƳ󣬼ִС    
    ˳ӱ˵ԸеҪ񣬻ǣ޹ҵܼȲֲҪĻ?ִԼԭƳĳٿʱ͵ÿ򣬼ᶨ־    
    ˵вƣеϦȰ׵ҪʱֻҪԭκεİá    
    иӣһȶ׷Чʮԣÿг̶ŵ൱աճ̱ȻϸֵԷΪλǵôһ˳ƻϴ顭ˡŮѷ֡һȵļƻȫơ    
    ԭֻ1015Ӵ绰ŮѽһСû뵽1СʱճΪŮʵ޷ͻĴһ֤˲ɽЧʣ²ſˡӦЧáĳһΪǷЧ    
    Ϊ˸ĸߣĸףķеʱչСһ޳ɣдۡ۶ӳȴֵۣǸ˵ļֵۡҪ˷ֵ۶ھθУϰ߶Ϊʼ    
    Ĵ˹۵ص㣬ڳ˱¸ҪܿܿУҪ˼ıԼȵ۸֮ǣǿԭΪģ֪ΪԸ˶еʹƽⷢչеĲͬɫȫ̹滮ճ     
    


ڶ ˵ĳɹ ϰҪµһ£

    ЧܵؾȨ    
    ȨЧܻЧܵؾ֮һϧһ˶Ȩܾò翿Լʡʱʡ¡    
    ʵηԱ¸߲εĻˣȨ      
    ɳǸˣҲĳɳѹҵ(J.C.Penney)ʾһǵľǡ֡ڷֶѳŴ֮ȻȻñȥ̵ꡢ˵ĳɳ뷢չ    
    ɴ˿ɼȨҲ빫ڵĳɹйأһ¼ۡ˴רȨ˹ɵĹϵ    
    Ȩ±ع֮Ұ±ع߷²󡣲ŮԼϴĸĸԻͼĽʦԼֵ飬һࡣ    
    ֮עؽƶȣȻ㼯ȺͬɹŮϴĸĸ쵼һȺԱĽʦලԱִ顣    
    ٶ±ع߻1Сʱɲ1λĳɹ(ͼ5-7)ô߾ЧȨÿͶ1Сʱɲ1050100ĳɹоϲǽܸ֧ƶ(ͼ5-8)    
    ͵Ȩ    
    Ȩ̬ɷΪ֣һǡ´ָͣһǡΡ͡    
    ´ָ    
    ŲֵĹ߼һ˶ΩǴӣ⼴κξߡκΡ    
    һΣȫȥˮóˮĶҼݴŻУҵӸľɶҶѡͷƬʣࡣܲ죬ƵƵڻˣҪ̫ڴǰҶӱʱٰš    
    ĵƬӼǷѣ޷ġݱ¿ӲŰš    
    ´ָ͵ȨಽؼලַʽãЧ?жܹ޾ϸع?    
        
    ͵ȨЧĹַ֮ʽעصǽǹ̡Ȩ߿о񣬲ԽҲȽϷʱֵá    
    Ȩ˫㹻Ĭ빲ʶ    
    Ԥڵĳɹ뱻һԤڵĽʱ޽йͨɶ໨ʱۣȷ˴֪صڳɹֶΡ    
    ӦصĹ淶Ȩһ޶ȣԱԹ淶м̫࣬Լ̫ࡣ    
    ȻҲɹȷΣΥԭ򡣶ԿֵܳϰӦȸ֪Էν    
    õԴ˫ȷõ񡢼Դ    
    εĹԼı׼    
    ȷĽͣݿͷǮꡢְȵȡ    
    ҼΪ˵һ꣬ǿͥ飬۹ͬĿԼ䡣ʿ֪ΪӻСӷֵ˴󲿷ֹʱ7ʷٷ൱£ԸչͥԺָ԰    
    ָھӵԺӶ˵ϣԺӡͶࡣ⣬Լ취ʹԺг⣬ˮͰˮܻˮС    
    Ϊ˰̶Ⱦ廯˰ߵԺӣø̵ӡ    
    ڵѵʷٷȫЭһֻпʱЭ⣬ÿΣѲԺӣ˵ɹжϱֳɼ    
    ʱδ̸Ǯ⣬Һ⸶Ǯ룬7ĺӦθУԸ    
    һһ3죬ʷٷҺ޶ľҲжҲǹգһȻҡڶѾЩ಻סҵǣ°֮ԺɣʷٷȴڶԽֵĹ԰Ϸ    
    Ҹеʧ̲סҪԺӡôͼӰ֮ЧȴжεĽڡΪ͵ñϣŶ˵ǰԼڴҵԺɼò?    
    ų͵ͷøҭؿ    
    ֣Ӵ!    
    ?룺ʲôûҲףѵԶԷ˵費ҪҰæ?    
    ?!    
    ҴӦʲô?    
    ˵пյʱҡ    
    Ҿпա    
    ܽȥӣһһȻָһ˵Щò?    
    ڴΪѿʼչƬ԰صΡ    
    ְܹæ֮ȫҵϤչһСҶֽм̾ͻָܵñһá    
    οԼǿҵĶʹȫԸҪʱġΩо൱ѵұ㹻ʹ    
    ţȨ°빦֮ЧҶ˫洦Ȩ߱ĳԹΪ㣬ֻЧȷ䣬ĸȻǵӦ֡ΪѵŮ͵סӣʱ䣬ȥĸָֻܴʹһʱ˷ʱ䣬ȴʡ鷳ͶʾֵڻȨˣӵȨҲ޴ίΩнĿ꣬С    
    ȨĴԭ򲻱䣬Ȩȴ˶졣ԲˣĿ겻ض̫ߣָʾҪ꾡ҳṩԴලƵҲֱӡԳˣɷսԸߵ񣬾ָʾټල˵Ĵ׼Ϊ    
    ɹȨЧıҪԿ֪ڸ¼һʵ˵칫ʱҪɷӴ    
    ?ж    
    һҳһһֱΪԣǻԸ˻ҵشӰ£дΪĿꡣ    
    ݱ-1Լϵʱ䣬Ȼ3¼ÿ15Ϊ1λ֤ȷǷԼʱķʽ?ûӦҸ֮?    
    оٿȨʵȨ󣬲ж    
    ġ滮һܵĻݲͬĽɫ趨Ŀٰ꣬Ŀתжһܹ󣬼ԼǷɹذĿͼֵճ־Ƿᶨ?    
    塢¶ģԺÿ̶ܹ滮ѡһʱС    
    ƺõı񣬿ɲο鷶    
    ߡĶ¼ʵ    
    


